The Global Renaissance 1400 - 1660

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The Global Renaissance1400 - 1660

• Michelangelo sculpts the David
• DaVinci paints the Mona Lisa
• Balboa reaches the Pacific Ocean
• Church of England established
• Protestant Reformation
• Copernicus develops theory of solar system
• Drake begins circumnavigation of globe

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The Global Renaissance

• Cortes conquers Mexico
• Ivan crowned czar of Russia
• Virginia colonized
• Jamestown founded
• Cervantes writes Don Quixote
• Galileo builds telescope
• Rembrandt paints The Night Watch

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Origins of the Renaissance

• Italy developed an interest in the manuscripts
  from ancient Greece and Rome

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Rebirth of

• REBIRTH of scholarship based on classical
  learning and philosophy
• REBIRTH of the human spirit, human potential for
  development

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Conditions Ripe for the Change

• Rapid population increase
• Feudalism was declining
• Migration from farms to cities
• 1476 William Caxton set up first printing press
  in England, opening up opportunities for literacy

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The Church in Decline

• Martin Luther posts his Ninety-Five Theses on a
  church door in Wittenberg, Germany heralds the
  Reformation
• Henry VIII divorces Catherine of Aragon.
  Excommunicated, he establishes the Church of
  England

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Rulers of the English Renaissance1500 - 1660

• House of Tudor House of Stuart
• 1500-1603 1603 - 1649
• Henry VII James I
• Henry VIII Charles I
• Edward VI 1649 - 1660
• Mary I The Long Parliament
• Elizabeth I

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Henry VIII

• Wanted male heir
• Catherine of Aragon bears Mary
• Anne Boleyn gives him Elizabeth, then was
  executed for adultery
• Jane Seymour produces sickly Edward
• Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, Catherine Parr,
  all childless
• Edward, Mary, Elizabeth rule in turn
• Did Elizabeth order Marys death???

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Elizabeth I

• 25 when she assumed the throne in 1558
• Ruled for 45 years
• Never married
• Relative middle of the road Protestantism
  replaces Marys fervid Catholicism
• Established strong central government
• Interested in education, established free grammar
  schools middle class grows in power

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Elizabeth I

• Supports strengthening of the English Navy Drake
  commissioned to intercept trading ships
  (legalized piracy) English coffers swell
• Philip II of Spain sent the Armada Elizabeth
  sends the Navy to retaliate. Spain is defeated
  soundly and England remains Protestant

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Elizabeth I

• I know I have the body of a weak feeble woman,
  but I have the heart and stomach of a king and
  a king of England, too, and think foul scorn
  thatSpain or any Prince of Europe should dare to
  invade the borders of my realm.

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Elizabeth I

• Loved poetry, music, dancing and men
• Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir Philip Sidney were the
  Renaissance ideals of soldier, scholar and poet
• Enjoyed public hangings, witch burnings,
  bearbaiting, and bawdy jokes as well as the
  theater, theology and philosophy

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Literature of the English Renaissance

• Book of Common Prayer (C of E)
• King James Bible
• English sonnet form developed
• Shakespeare R J Hamlet Macbeth
• Donne Songs and Sonnets
• Milton Poems

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Decline of the Renaissance

• Elizabeth names James I her successor - 1603
• Scottish, he had little knowledge of England and
  was not the type of leader his new subjects were
  used to

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End of the Renaissance

• Firm Anglicans, James and Charles active
  persecution of the Puritans leads to political
  and religious unrest
• 1642, civil war erupted, led by Oliver Cromwell.
  Charles is found guilty of treason and beheaded
• England is under the rule of Parliament
• 1660 monarchy is restored with
• Charles II taking the throne