??af??e?a 1

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?a ?a??µat??? st?? ?a??µe???? ???
t?? ?. ?ast???
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?f??µ?
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??p??e? efa?µ???? t?? ?a??µat????
?a??µat??? ?a? ??µp?t???
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??? G?G???S ??? ???????G?? ??? ????????S?
Se µ?a s????te??? ??a p??s???? st?? IBM
????e ? e??? e??t?s?
G?at? ta f?e?t?a p?? ß??s???ta? st??? d??µ???
t?? p??e?? ?????, ?at? ?a???a, ??????? s??past?a
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?? e??a? f?e?t?? ??e??????s?
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??a ap??t?s? st?? e??t?s? t?? s????te???? e??a? ?
e??? ?? t? s??past?? ?ta? ?????????
pa?a???????aµµ? ? tet??????,
t?te ?a ???d??e?e ?a p?se? µ?sa st? f?e?t??,
p.?. st?? pe??pt?se?? p?? ?a t?p??et??e?
?ata????fa ?a? ?at? t? d?a????? t?? a????µat??
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?ta? e??a? ??????? ta s??past?a, t?te de? ?p???e?
a?t?? ? ???d????, de? µp????? ?a p?s??? µ?sa st?
?????µa.
? s???? a?t? fa??eta?, d?a?s??t??? t??????st??,
s?st?. ???? ?a? ? eµpe???a, t?? ep?ßeßa???e?.
Ost?s?, ?ts? µ????e? ?t? a?t? ? ep????? ????e
st?? t???.
???ad?, ?p?epe ?a p???p???e? µ?a ?e?µet????
?ata???s? (?a? µ?a s?et??? p??ß?e??), p??? t??
ep?????.
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? p??t? ?e?µet???? ?d??t?ta, p?? pa??e? ???? st?
p??????µe?? s?ept??? e??a? ?t? ? d?a??????,
?p????d?p?te ?????????? pa?a????????µµ??, ??e?
µ???? µe?a??te?? ap? t?? p?e???? t??.
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? de?te?? ?e?µet???? ?d??t?ta, p?? e??a? ???µµ???
p?s? ap? t?? ap??t?s?, ??e? ?a ???e? µe t?
?s?-p?at?t?ta t?? ??????. ???ad? ?t? t?
f??d?? ???e ?????? e??a? t? ?d?? s ??a ta s?µe?a
t?? pe??f??e?a? t??.
??? t? ?????µe
?? µe?a??te?? f??d?? t?? ?????? e??a? ? d??µet???
t??. ?a? e??a? ???st? ?t? ???? ?? d??µet??? t??
?????? e??a? ?s??.
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??a de?te?? ap??t?s? st?? e??t?s? t?? s????te????
e??a? ? e???
G?a ?a ß??e? ? e?????ß?? t?? f?eat??? ta ????te?a
????? ?a? ?a d?µ??????se? t? µe?a??te?? ?????µa,
p??pe? ?a t? ???e? ??????? ?? ???
tet?a????sµ???.
?? a?t? ??at? ?? p???t???? µ??a????? ?????????,
ap? ta ?a??µat???, ?t? ap ??a ta ??e?st?
s??µata (?p?? ta p??????a) t?? ep?p?d??, p??
????? t?? ?d?a pe??µet??, ? ?????? ??e? t?
µe?a??te?? eµßad?.
? s???e???µ??? ?d??t?ta, ???µ??eta? sta
?a??µat???, ?s?pe??µet???? ?e???µa.
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?S???????????? T?O????
?p ??a ta ep?peda ??e?st? s??µata (? p??????a)
µe t?? ?d?a pe??µet??
? ?????? ??e? t? µe?a??te?? eµßad??.
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?? ?S???????????? T?O???? st?? ?a??µat???? Sp??d??
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?? ?S???????????? T?O???? st?? ?a??µe???? ???
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?? ?S???????????? T?O???? st?? ?st???a t??
?a??µat????
? ????d???? ap? t?? ?a?a??a t?? ?tt????, p??
???se t?? 2? a???a p.?., ?ta? ? p??t??
?e?µ?t??? t?? ???a??? ????????? ????t?sµ?? ?
?p???? a??pt??e t?? ?s?pe??µet????? ?d??t?te?
st? ???? t?? ?e?? ?s?µ?t??? s??µ?t??.

• St? ???? t?? a?t? ?de??e
• ??? ?a?????? p??????a µe ?se?
• pe??µ?t????, µe?a??te?? eµßad??
• ??e? e?e??? µe t?? pe??ss?te?e?
• ????e?.

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• ?? ??a? ?????? ?? ??a ?a??????
• p??????? ????? ?se? pe??µ?t????,
• t?te µe?a??te?? eµßad?? ??e? ? ??????.

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?? e?d?af???? ?a? ? p??sp??e?a t?? a?t? ?ta? µ???
??a ?e???t??? e??a??st?s? ? e??a? ??p??a s??s?
?a? µe t?? t?te ?a??µe???? ???
?? ???a??? ?????e? ?a???t?µ??e? e??a? t? s????e?a
?a µet???? ta ????peda ?a? ta ????f?a µe t??
pe??µet?? t???. ?? a?t? d?µ???????se ap?te? ?a?
p??ß??µata.
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St?? ???a?a ????da, ?p?? ?a? st??? ??????
p???t?sµ??? t?? a??a??t?ta?, ?? ?????p??
?atas?e?a?a? p???d?a. ?e? ap???e?eta? ??p???? ?a
s??ft??a? ?a ???s?µ?p????? ta ????te?a t??ß?a ?a?
?a pet??a????? t? µe?a??te?? d?at?µ?.
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??? ?s?pe??µet????? ?d??t?te? t?? ????d????
s????ase ?a? p?a?µate?t??e ? ??pp?? ?
??e?a?d?????, st?? a??? t?? 4?? a???a µ.?.
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?µ??a, s????ase ?a? d??s?se ??a µ???? ap? t?
s???e???µ??? ???? t?? ????d????, sta t??? t?? 4??
a???a µ.?., ? T???a? ? ??e?a?d?????, ? pat??a?
t?? ?pat?a?.
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? ?e?µet???? a?t? ???s?, d?ad????e st??? ??aße?
t?? 9? a???a µ.?., ?? ?p???? as???????a?
pe??stas?a?? µe t? ?s?pe??µet???? ??µa.
??a a?????? ?p?t????? st?s?, st? s???e???µ???
??t?µa, pa?at??e?ta? ?a? st? ??t??? ????p?, ap?
t?? 12? µ???? t?? 15? a???a µ.?.
??? 16? ?a? t? 17? a???a, t?? ep??? t??
ep?st?µ?????? epa??stas??, t? e?d?af???? ??a t?
?s?pe??µet???? ?e???µa a?a??p??????e.
????s?µe??t?? µa??µat????-ep?st?µ??e?, ?p?? ?
Ga???a??? ?a? ? ?a?t?s???, as???????a? µe t?
s???e???µ??? ??µa.
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
René Descartes (1596-1650)
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St? s????e?a, a?apt?????e ??a? ???? t??p?? s?????
sta ?a??µat??? p?? p?????ese µ?a µe???? a??pt???
st?? Tet???? ?p?st?µe?. ??? ap? t??? s?µa?t?????
µa??µat????? p?? ?d?sa? µ?a ?s???? ???s? st?
?s?pe??µet???? ?e???µa ?ta? ? ???e? ?a? ?
?a??????.
Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)
Joseph-Louis Lagrange (1736-1813)
?a? t? 1838 ? ??ßet?? µa??µat???? G????p St???e?
?d?se µ?a ??a ap?de??? t?? ?s?pe??µet?????
?e???µat??, µe ta s??????a ???t???a a?st???t?ta?.
Jacob Steiner (1796-1863)
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?a te?e?ta?a ?????a, e?t?? ap? ta Te???t???
?a??µat???, t? e?d?af???? ??a t? ?s?pe??µet????
?e???µa a?apt?????e se d??f????? t?µe??.
?ep??ase ta p???d?a ?a? t??? s????e?, ?a? ß???e
?daf?? st? F?s???, t?? ????te?t????? ?a? s
???e? efa?µ????.
?s?pe??µet????? a??s?t?te? st? ?a??µat??? F?s???
London City Hall
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??a s?et??? ????? ??a µa??t??
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