Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1848

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Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1848

• AP European History
• Mr. Hesen

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Objective

• SWBAT
• Identify and describe the revolutions that
  plagued Europe during the post-Industrial
  Revolution period
• Discuss the processes in which countries
  underwent changes
• Explain the differences between political
  ideologies of the time period

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Unit Outline

• PEACE SETTLEMENT
• RADICAL IDEAS AND EARLY SOCIALISM
• ROMANTIC MOVEMENT
• REFORMS AND REVOLUTIONS
• THE REVOLUTIONS OF 1848

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Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1848

• DUAL REVOLUTION ERIC HOBSBAWN
• SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS
• FRENCH REVOLUTION
• INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• INTELLECTUAL CHALLENGE

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Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1848

• NEW IDEOLOGIES EMERGED
• CONSERVATISM
• LIBERALISM
• NATIONALISM
• SOCIALISM

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The Peace Settlement

• CONSERVATIVE MONARCHIES VICTORIOUS AFTER
  REVOLUTION
• RUSSIA
• AUSTRIA
• GREAT BRITAIN
• PRUSSIA

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CONGRESS OF VIENNA

• NOVEMBER 1814 JUNE 1815
• PEACE AGREEMENT
• LONGING FOR PEACE/LASTING PEACE
• PEACE UNTIL WORLD WAR I

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BALANCE OF POWER

• DEFEATED FRANCE
• LENIENT TOWARDS FRANCE DEFENSIVE MEASURES
• QUADRUPLE ALLIANCE
• DISCOURAGED AGRESSION

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BALANCE OF POWER

• COMPENSATION IN FORM OF TERRITORY
• AUSTRIAN LANDHOLDINGS
• PRUSSIA AND RUSSIA
• ALEXANDER I

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Assignment

• Read Holborns The Congress of Vienna (164)
• Why does Holborn feel that the Congress of Vienna
  produced a constructive peace treaty?

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FRANCE

• LOUIS XVIII
• LOST VERY LITTLE LAND
• 700 MILLION FRANC INDEMNITY
• MILITARY OCCUPATION 5 YEARS

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FRANCE
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CONGRESS SYSTEM

• EUROPEAN LEADERS MEET REGULARLY
• DIPLOMACY NOT WAR
• LASTED UNTIL 1871 UNIFICATION OF GERMANY

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INTERVENTION REPRESSION

• HOLY ALLIANCE (1815)
• AUSTRIA
• PRUSSIA
• RUSSIA
• AGAINST LIBERALISM
• RISE OF METTERNICH

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Guided Reading Assignment

• After completing the assignment
• Read Carlsbad Decrees on pg. 155-56
• What decrees does this documents authors make
  and what is the overall purpose of these decrees?

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CONSERVATIVE REACTION

• CARLSBAD DECREES 1819
• 38 GERMAN MEMBER STATES
• SUBVERSIVE IDEAS
• SPIES SENT OUT TO PUNISH LIBERAL/RADICAL
  ORGANIZATIONS

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METTERNICH AND CONSERVATISM

• AUSTRIAN FOREIGN MINISTER (1809-1848)
• ANTI-LIBERLISM
• RESPONSIBLE FOR AMERICAN AND FRENCH REVOLUTIONS
• MIDDLE CLASS RADICALS

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RADICALISM

• INTELLECTUALS AND SOCIAL OBSERVERS
• MOTIVATE THE WORLD
• REJECTED OLD VALUES DEVELOPED ALTERNATIVE
  VISIONS

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LIBERALISM

• LIBERTY EQUALITY
• REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT
• INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS
• LAISSEZ-FAIRE
• FREE ECONOMY
• ADAM SMITH

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NATIONALISM

• IMMEDIATE IMPACT
• DIVERSE GROUPS
• COMMUNICATION
• WE and THEY US and THEM
• POWERFUL INFLUENCE

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SOCIALISM

• FRENCH UTOPIAN SOCIALISM
• ECONOMIC PLANNING
• PARASITES
• DOERS
• CHARLES FOURIER
• EMANCIPATION
• ABOLITION OF MARRIAGE

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MARXIST SOCIALISM

• COMMUNIST MANIFESTO
• HISTORY OF CLASS STRUGGLES
• BOURGEOISIE PROLETARIAT
• GIVE WAY TO THE WORKERS!

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Assignment Due Thursday

• Read Benthams English Liberalism on 156-57
• What does Bentham mean by public utility?
• What is the proper role of government for the
  people and for economic affairs?

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THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENT
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ROMANTICISM

• RADICALISM
• INFLUENCED THE ARTS
• REVOLT AGAINST RENAISSANCE
• REVOLT AGAINST CLASSICS
• BEGAN IN 1770s

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ROMANTICISM

• EMOTIONAL EXUBERANCE
• IMAGINATION
• SPONTANEITY IN ART AND LIFE
• STURM AND DRANG STORM AND STRESS

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ROMANTICISM

• BOHEMIAN LIVES
• SUICIDE
• DUELS TO THE DEATH
• PSYCHOTIC BREAKS
• REJECTED MATERIALISM AND MAINSTREAM

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ROMANTICISM

• FOCUS ON NATURE
• HUMAN EXPERIENCE
• THOUGHTS ON INDUSTRY
• ESCAPISTS
• COLOR AND DIVSERSITY

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ROMANTIC LITERATURE

• STARTED IN BRITAIN
• POETRY AND PROSE
• MADE FAMOUS BY
• WILLIAM WORDSWORTH
• SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE
• LORD BYRON
• MARY SHELLEY
• WILLIAM KEATS

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ROMANTIC LITERATURE

• LYRICAL BALLADS
• WORDSWORTH AND COLERIDGE
• DAFFODILS
• SIMPLICITY LOVE OF NATURE
• VICTOR HUGO THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAME

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ROMANTIC ART MUSIC

• ART
• EUGUNE DELACROIX
• JOSEPH M.W. TURNER
• JOHN CONSTABLE
• MUSIC
• LUDWIG VON BEETHOVEN
• FRANZ LISZT

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Assignment

• Analyze the two portraits on pgs. 162 and 163 in
  the reader.
• For Delacroix What ways does this painting
  reflect what Metternich and conservatives
  rejected?
• For Daumier How does this print reveal the
  policies of more liberal governments?

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CENSORED
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• www.hesenhistory.wicomico.wikispaces.net

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REFORMS AND REVOLUTIONS
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REFORMS AND REVOLUTIONS

• LIBERALS, NATIONALISTS, AND SOCIALS V.
  CONSERVATIVES
• GREECE
• GREAT BRITAIN
• FRANCE

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REVOLUTION IN GREECE

• NATIONAL LIBERATION MOVEMENT
• DOMINATED BY TURKS 15TH CENTURY
• UNIFIED BY LANGUAGE AND ORTHODOX CHURCH

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REVOLUTION IN GREECE

• SECRET SOCIETIES
• WAR AGAINST TURKS
• REVOLT IN 1821
• ALEXANDER YPSILANTI
• NOT SUPPORTED BY METTERNICH
• AIDED BY OTHER POWERS

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ENGLISH LIBERALISM

• INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• ARISTOCRACY FEARFUL OF LIBERALISM
• CORN LAWS (1815)
• REFORM BILL OF 1832
• TEN HOURS ACT OF 1847
• WOMEN
• 13-18 YEAR OLDS

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THE GREAT FAMINE

• ENGLISH LANDLORDS
• TERRIBLE CONDITIONS
• POPULATION BOOM
• POTATO FARMING
• EARLY MARRIAGE
• EXPLOITATION

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THE GREAT FAMINE

• 1820-1840 POTATO CROPS BEGAN TO FAIL
• 1845-1851 1 MILLION LEFT
• 1.5 MILLION DIED FROM STARVATION
• ANTI-BRITISH SENTIMENT

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REVOLUTION OF 1830

• FRANCE
• CHARLES X
• JULY REVOLUTION LASTED FOR THREE DAYS
• MIDDLE CLASS MORE SAY IN GOVT
• LOUIS-PHILIPPE

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THE REVOLUTIONS OF 1848
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DEMOCRACY IN FRANCE

• LOUIS PHILIPPE
• DEPRESSION
• VOTING RIGHTS
• DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE
• CLASH OF IDEOLOGIES

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AUSTRIA IN 1848

• BEGAN IN HUNGARY
• METTERNICH FLED TO LONDON
• STUDENTS AND WORKERS PROTESTED
• FRANCIS JOSEPH
• NICHOLAS I OF RUSSIA

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PRUSSIA

• 30-PLUS GERMAN CONFEDERATES
• FREDERICK WILLIAM IV
• NATION GRABBING
• FOLDED UNDER THE PRESSURE

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Assignment

• Read Sperber and Weiss (pgs. 165-66). What,
  according to these gentlemen, were the causes of
  the revolutions of 1848. Compare and contrast
  the historical arguments.