Ti????22

1
????????????????????
????????????1? ?? ?? ???? ?? ? ???
2
???????
Ti ???? 22 ??? 47.90 g/mol ? ??
?????????10??
??????
1791? R. W. Gregor(?)???menachanite????????????? 1
795? ???????Klaproth ????????????????????????? 188
7? Nilson ?Pettersson ???????????????????? 1910? M
. A. Hunter?, TiCl4 ???????????????????????99.9??
???????? (???????119?) 1946? W. Kroll?, TiCl4
???????????????????????????????
3
?????
TiCl4 2 Mg ? Ti MgCl2
Fig. Reactor for reducing titanium by the Kroll
process.
4
??????????????????
?????(TiO2)
??(C)
??(Cl2)
? ?
?TiCl4
CO2
FeClx, AlCl3
H2S?
? ?
???????
Mg
???TiCl4
??
? ?
????Ti MgCl2 Mg
MgCl2
????
????Ti
MgCl2 Mg
????
TiCl4 2 Mg ? Ti 2 MgCl2
Ti?????
5
?????????????
China
USA
Kazakhstan
????????40??????
sponge
Russia
65,000 ?? (2001)
Japan
????????????????
??????????????????
6
????????
?????????????? 1????10???????? ?????????? ??????
?????? ?????1????? ?10??? ?????????? ??????1?
?/?
7
????????????
?????????
??????????
????????????????????????????
8
?????????
???????????????????????? ?????????????????
??????????????
?????????????????????????? ??????????????? ????
????? ???????????????????????????
9
??

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????
• ?????????????????????

Fig. ??????
10
?? ??
TiO2 2 Ca ? Ti 2 CaO
TiO2
Flux
Binder
Preform fabrication
Calcination
H2O,etc.
TiO2 Flux
Feed preform
Calcium vapor
Reduction
Ti Flux CaO
Reduced preform
Acid
CaO, Flux
Leaching / drying
Ti powder
11
???????
TiO2 2 Ca ? Ti 2 CaO
?????????
????????
?????????
??
??????????
Ca ??
Ca
???????
???? T 1000? t 6h
????????
12
??
?????
13
??(??)
14
??
SEM?
EDS??????? (??) EDS??????? (??) EDS??????? (??) EDS??????? (??) EDS??????? (??) EDS??????? (??) EDS??????? (??)
O Ca Ti Cr Fe Ni ?
0.65 0.47 98.6 0.08 0.21 0.00 100
15
???

• ?????????TiO2?Ca????????????????????????????
• ?????????98.5?????????????????????????