Friends for Life

1
Unit 5

• Friends for Life
• Joyce Brothers

2
Overview

• Warming-up
• New words and expression
• About the author
• A global picture

3
A Survey

• Do you like making friends with others?
• A. Yes. B. No.
• How many friends do you have?
• A. 5 B. 5 10
• C. 10 20 D. 20

4
A Survey

• Which of the following best describe your
  friends?
• A. They are mostly males.
• B. They are mostly females.
• C. They are mostly introvert.
• D. They are mostly extrovert.
• E. They are of various sex and ages.
• F. They are mostly optimists.
• G. They are mostly pessimists.
• H. They are of various origin and background

5
A Survey

• Which of the following do you look for in a
  friend?
• A. Intelligence B. Diligence E. Honesty
• C. Perseverance D. Enthusiasm F. Courtesy
• G. Maturity H. Humor I. Confidence
• J. Sincerity K. Tolerance L. Patience
• M. Responsibility N. Loyalty O. Bravery
• P. Thoughtfulness Q. Generosity R. Sympathy

6
A Survey

• Which of the following do you think are important
  for your friend?
• A. Rich knowledge or experience
• B. Wide interest or hobbies
• C. Similar origin or background with you
• D. Similar or good level of education
• E. Good economic condition
• F. Decent job or social status

7
A Survey

• Which of the following do you think are important
  for your friend?
• G. Common interests with you
• H. Expert or talented in a certain field
• I. Proper behavior or good manner in life
• J. Pleasant or lively personality
• K. Complementary in certain aspect with you
• L. Others

8
A Survey

• What in your opinion is an ideal friend or
  friendship?
• If you are to give a one-sentence definition for
  either "friend" or "friendship, what will that
  be? (You may use a simile or metaphor)

9
Albert Camus (French writer)
Quotes

• Dont walk in front of me
• I may not follow
• Dont walk behind me
• I may not lead
• Walk beside me
• And jus be my friend.

10
English proverb
Quotes

• Make new friends and keep the old
• one is silver and the other gold.
• Everyones friend is
  no ones friend.

Italian proverb
11
Word Study

• Reading aloud (page 62)
• Meaning and use
• Synonyms antonyms
• Word derivation
• Word differentiation

12
Meaning and Use

• endear
• endear sb to sb to cause to be loved/liked
• His habit of playing loud music at night didn't
  him to the neighbours.
• He was whispering endearments to her.
• Term
• The acid rain was coined in the 19th century.

13
Meaning and Use

• transient
• The city has a large population.
• Her feeling of depression was .
• A glass of whisky has only a warming effect.
• Cf transitory stress the characteristic
  one-time-use????????
• Cf transitive ??????

14
Meaning and Use

• kinship
• The system in that tribe is very complicated.
  (family relationship)
• I feel a certain with him. (likeness in
  character, understanding)
• His next of kin were told of his death. (a
  person's closest relative)
• Many elderly people have no kin to turn to for
  assistance.

15
Meaning and Use

• affirm
• The suspect ed (that) he had been at home all
  evening.
• The government has ed its commitment to equal
  rights.
• Cf assert oftn based on one's subjective
  feeling or judgment
• He ed that it could be done in an hour.

16
Meaning and Use

• vow
• All the men took/made a of loyalty to their
  leader.
• He ed to look after his mother when his father
  died.
• We ed to God that we will never part.
• The members of this religious community are under
  a of silence. (have promised to God they won't
  speak)

17
Meaning and Use

• rank
• Students ed the samples in order of preference.
• She is ed number four in the world.
• vigilance
• Thanks to their constant , a crisis was averted.
• The police said the public should remain
  vigilant.
• His security duties demand long hours of .

18
Meaning and Use

• inclination a special liking for sth
• I have no to be a doctor.
• I shall indulge the so natural in old men, to
  be talking of themselves.
• Cf be inclined to have a tendency to do
• Im d to agree with you.
• Shes d to gossip with complete strangers.

19
Meaning and Use

• Disclosure
• Any public of this information would be very
  damaging to the company.
• The newspaper made damaging of management
  incompetence.
• Cf they disclosed her name to the press.
• Cf Do you promise not to reveal my secret?
• The curtain opened, to reveal a darkened stage.

20
Meaning and Use

• Sibling ltfml.gt a brother or sister
• The younger children were badly treated by older
  s.
• Tom had fallen out with s over an inheritance.
• Rivalry lt with/betweengt competition (a case
  of) being rivals
• There was fierce/intense rivalry between the two
  companies to get the contract.

21
Matching Synonyms

• endearment
• neglect
• vigilance
• vow
• disclosure
• mingle
• intimacy
• straighten out

• revelation
• oath
• closeness
• sweet nothings
• put right
• mix
• disregard
• watchfulness

22
Matching Antonyms

• transient
• desperate
• neglect
• affirm
• blossom
• disclosure
• intimacy
• worthwhile

• cherish
• concealment
• permanent
• worthless
• estrangement
• fade
• composed
• deny

23
Word Derivation
N. vigilance intimacy
A. transient
N.
A. desperate familial instinctual
N. intensity
A. financial
transience
vigilant
intimate
family
instinct
desperation
finance
intense
24
Word Derivation
N. endearment complaint rank
V.
A.
N. inclination
V. affirm neglect
A.
complain
endear
rank
ranking
endearing
complaining
neglect
affirmation
incline
neglectful
inclined
affirmative
25
Word Derivation
N. term disclosure rivalry
V. shrug
N. vow assembly
V. patronize
N.
V. reveal blossom heal
shrug
disclose
term
rival
patron
vow
assemble
blossom
revelation
heal
26
Word Differentiation

• Bloom vs. Blossom
• His poetic genius was in full _______ when he was
  in his early twenties.
• The peach tree has an excellent ________ this
  year.
• Since their first meeting, their friendship has
  ______________.

bloom
blossom
blossomed
27
Word Differentiation

• Worth worthy worthwhile
• I think this matter is ________ our attention.
• If you are a young, inexperienced driver, it is
  ________ having comprehensive insurance.
• Two points in this report are especially
  __________ of notice.
• Every year she makes a large donation to a
  ____________ cause.
• She considers teaching a _________ career.

worth
worth
worthy
worthy
worthwhile
28
Word Differentiation

• Financial vs. Commercial
• The ___________ committee controls the schools
  budget.
• The local authority has refused to _______ the
  scheme.
• The marketplace was where _________ was
  traditionally carried on.
• His new record is much too ___________.

finance
finance
commerce
commercial
29
Word Differentiation

• Gender vs. Sex
• I think both _________ are capable of looking
  after children.
• The government is working on tackling ________
  inequalities in employment.
• There is a lot of ______ and violence in this
  film.
• She accused her employer of ______ discrimination.

genders
gender
sex
sex
30
Word Differentiation

• Intimacy vs. Privacy
• It was obvious from their witty _________ that
  they had been good friends for many years.
• His claims to (an) _________ with/to be on terms
  of ________ with the President are somewhat
  exaggerated.
• Theres not much ________ in these flats because
  of the large windows and thin walls.

intimacies
intimacy
intimacy
privacy
31
Word Differentiation

• Desperate vs. Despair
• This man is _________ and should not be
  approached as he may have a gun.
• He was __________ to tell someone his good news.
• Theyre in (the depths of) ________ over/about
  the money theyve lost.
• Their fourth year without rain drove many farmers
  to_________.

desperate
desperate
despair
despair
32
Word Differentiation

• Instinctual vs. Intuitive
• Her ___________ reaction at the sight of the
  spider was to scream loudly.
• Most people have an __________ sense of right and
  wrong.
• Some animals have an __________ prescience of
  earthquakes.
• It came upon him in a flash of __________.

instinctual
intuitive
instinctive
intuition
33
Word Differentiation

• Neglect vs. Ignore
• The animals were thin and ill because the farmer
  had __________ them.
• She has ___________ her studies.
• You can't ________ the fact that we are still a
  poor country.
• Safety regulations are being _________ by company
  managers in the drive to increase profits.

neglected
neglected
ignore
ignored
34
About the Author

• Joyce Brothers
• (1927-) an American
• psychologist and advice
• columnist, publishing a
• daily syndicated newspaper column since 1960.
• She is professionally known as Dr. Joyce Brothers.

publish simultaneously in a number of newspapers
35
Joyce Brothers

• Brothers is a prolific writer.
• She had a monthly column
• in Good Housekeeping
• magazine for almost four
• decades, and a syndicated newspaper column that
  she began writing in the 1970s, and which at its
  height was printed in more than 300 newspapers.

36
Joyce Brothers

• Her best-selling
  books
• What Every Woman
  Should Know About Men (1982)
• Widowed (1992) (inspired by the loss of her
  husband, the book offered practical advice for
  widows and widowers, helping them to cope with
  their grief and create a new life for themselves)

37
Joyce Brothers

• As a psychologist, Joyce
• Brothers has been licensed
• in New York since 1958.
• Today, Brothers continues to do guest appearances
  on television and radio talk shows for her
  expertise in psychology.
• She has also done comedic cameo appearances on
  some TV and game shows.

a small character part in a play or film, played
by a distinguished person
38
Dr. Joyce Brothers is still active.

• In June, 2010, Joyce Brothers was
• still appearing on
• television currently in
• commercials endorsing a
• home alert monitor

39
A Global Picture

• What type of writing is this text?
• What is the text mainly about?
• How is the word friend defined?
• How many types of friendship have been discussed
  in the text?
• How many parts does the text fall into?
• Do you find any topic sentence contributing to
  the main idea of each part?

Exposition
40
Purpose of Writing

• To give her insights into friendship and give
  suggestions on
  making friends.

41
Structure of the Text

• Part 1 (para.1-2)
• a psychological as well as personal
  understanding of friendship
• Part 2 (para.3-4)
• friendship within familial ties
• Part 3 (para.5-8)
• significance of friendship outside kinship ties
  and suggestions on friend-making

42
Structure of the Text

• Part 4 (para.9-11)
• friendship between opposite sexes
• Part 5 (para.12-13)
• how to fix a broken friendship
• Part 6 (para.14-15)
• the authors friendship with her grandchildren

43
Thank you!

• To be continued.

44
Lesson 2 Overview

• Word review
• Text analysis
• Comprehension
• Language points
• Sentences

45
Word Review
transient

• We stayed at the inn as t_________ guests.
• She made a v_____ never to lend money to anyone
  again.
• He was whispering e______________ to his girl
  friend.
• Anxiety has some k_________ with eagerness.
• Thanks to the v_________ of a neighbor that the
  fire was discovered before it could be spread.

vow
endearments
kinship
vigilance
46
Word Review

• Any public d__________ of this information would
  be very damaging to the company.
• From my own experience, I confidently a_______
  what he said is true.
• All the orchards b________ in spring.
• I am i_________ to her for her help in indexing
  my book.
• Fanny showed little i____________ to talk about
  anything serious.

disclosure
affirmed
blossom
indebted
inclination
47
Word Derivation

• He is being ___________ (neglect) of his guests.
• The family is usually a source of encouragement
  from which ___________ (affirm) influence come.
• The burglar was spotted by _____________
  (vigilance) neighbours.
• They __________ (complaint) at being excluded
  from the meeting.

neglectful
affirmative
vigilant
complained
48
Word Derivation

• Floras spirit and character __________
  (endearment) her to everyone who met her.
• He has a poor ___________ (rank) in his class.
• The information is confidential and must not be
  ___________ (disclosure) to anyone.
• Im rather __________ (inclination) to wait a few
  days before deciding.
• The stores __________ (rivalry) each other in
  beautiful window displays.

endeared
ranking
disclosed
inclined
rival
49
Detailed Study

• Comprehension
• Language points
• Sentence highlights

50
Language Points

• for life (title)
• Theres no such thing as a job for life.
• She thought marriage should be for life.
• He was running for dear life toward town.
• ???????????
• She cant for the life of her remember where she
  left her bag.
• ??????????????????

51
Comprehension (Part I)

• What is the definition of friend by
  psychologists?
• How does the author
  understand friends?

52
Language Points

• have a hard time (para.1) feel uncomfortable or
  difficult
• Did you have a hard time distinguishing the
  Russian words from the English ones?
• She had a hard time of it with the birth of her
  second baby.
• I heard they gave him a pretty hard time at the
  interview.

53
Language Points

• identify as (para.1) consider to be
  connected with
• In many cases, the clothes people wear them as
  belonging to a particular social class.
• The gunman in Wednesdays attack has been ied as
  Lee Giggs, an unemployed truck driver.
• Cf Identify with
• She ied strongly with the main character in the
  play.

54
Language Points

• confide in (para.1) to talk freely to sb about
  personal matters, and be confident that ones
  secret will be kept
• Alan felt he could in his roommate.
• He ed his fears to his mother.
• confidant ??(?)
• He was her and business adviser.
• confidante ??(?)????
• His wife is his friend and .

55
Language Points

• Single (para.2) ltv.gt
• I want to all the way into my years of sanity.
• One newspaper was d out for criticism. (choose
  from a group for special treatment)
• There was a person on the beach. ltadj.gt
• singleton (????)???(????)
• ????

56
Language Points

• transient (para.2) fast changing
• His many love affairs had only brought him
  pleasures.
• Only historians fully understand the nature of
  civilization.
• companionship (para.2) friendly company
• He missed the hed enjoyed in the navy.
• I lived on my own for a while but I missed the
  of (enjoyment of being with) others.

57
Sentence Highlight

• Even though friend is a term of
• a word
• endearment used to describe many people
• showing sign of love
• in our lives, we often have a hard time
• have difficulty
• knowing what the term means. (para.1)

58
Comprehension (Part II)

• How does the author prove that friendship can
  occur any place?
• She proves this statement with her personal
  experiences.
• With her husband
• With her sister
• With her daughter

59
Language Points

• Occur (para.3) ltvi.gt
• The accident red at about 330 p.m.
• Does it to you that he might be hungry?
• It never red to me that you meant that.
• Occurrence seen as a concept, process, or
  action,
• Occurrence(s) things that happen/occur

60
Language Points

• the case (para.3) the true situation
• If that is the case, we need more staff.
• It is simply not the case that English could be
  learned in two months.
• when we were younger (para.4)
• believe that one is still young NOW
• Cf when we were young.
• realize or acknowledge ones being old

61
Comprehension (Part III)

• How would you interpret the sentence with a
  friend we can be the person we want to be
  (para.5)?
• Friends give us support, which proves the worth
  of what we are doing.

62
Comprehension (Part III)

• Why does the author suggest that making friends
  is something more than instinctual behavior?
• Because making friends involves a process of
  sharing that needs more attention. It also calls
  for skill to balance between being open and
  protective of each others feelings.

63
Language Points

• rank as (para.5) regard as having a certain
  relative position
• Yao Ming ranks among the worlds best
  basketballers.
• This result ranks as one of their most successful
  election performances of the last ten years.

64
Word Expansion

• Rank ltadj.gt
• rank grass ?????
• rank soil ???????
• rank language ???
• rank fraud ???
• rank injustice ??????
• Ranking standing???

65
Language Points

• Kinship (para.5)
• All our kin came to the family reunion.
• People here were kin to poverty. ????????
• All her property goes to her next of kin. ?????
• She is near of kin to me. ???????
• count kin with ?...????? ?...??? ??...?????
• kissing cousin ???????????? ???????? ????????
• more kin than kind ????

66
Language Points

• Akin ltadj.gt of similar character related by
  blood
• Be akin to
• The cat is to the tiger.
• He felt something to pity.
• Training pet animals is somewhat to training
  children.
• Genius and madness are .
• Your cousins are closely to you. ?????

67
Language Points

• self (para.5) the type of person somebody is,
  esp the way he usually behaves or looks
• Hes not his usual happy this morning.
• Only with a few people could she be her real .
• Youll soon be feeling your old/former again.
• They promised to keep the secret to their three
  selves.

????????????
????????????????
???????????
68
Language Points

• Tend to (para.7)
• Written language s to be formal.
• Students, with the exception of those really
  energetic, to feel uncontrollably sleepy on
  warm spring afternoons.
• Involve (para.8) have as a necessary part
• My job s a lot of traveling.
• Her husband had been very d in his work.
• This problem is closely d with the management of
  the company.

??????????
69
Language Points

• Out of balance (para.8)
• The canoe got out of/off and turned over.
• The question was so unexpected that I was off
  for a moment.
• Economic stability can only be reached if demand
  and supply are in approximate .
• one-sided (para.8) involving one person more
  than another not balanced
• The football match was rather .
• The press were accused of presenting a very
  one-sided picture of the issue.

??????????,????????
70
Language Points

• A best-friendship (para.8)
• Friendship is a general concept, whereas a
  friendship means something more concrete or
  personal. ??/????
• Intimacy (para.8)
• Intimate euphemism(???)for bodily contact in
  some cases
• Intimacy closeness
• Euphemism for sex (sometimes illegitimate)

71
Sentence Highlight

• Their acceptance affirms that self and lets us
  develop as individuals. (para.5)
• Being accepted by our friends makes us feel that
  we are expected as we are and encourages us to
  develop in the way we want to.

72
Sentence Highlight

• the only way to have a friend is to be one.
  (para.7)
• Making yourself a friend to others is the only
  way to win their friendship.

73
Sentence Highlight

• A best-friendship gets out of balance when the
  intensity becomes too one-sided. (para.8)
• A best-friendship suffers if there is too much
  disclosure or too much protection of each others
  feelings.

74
Comprehension (Part IV)

• How do you interpret the sentence What I knew
  about women Id learned from my father.
  (para.11)
• Was there any problem in Michaels relationship
  with his girlfriend? Where did the problem stem
  from?
• The problem stemmed from his out-of-date
  knowledge about women and his patronizing
  attitude to them.

75
Language Points

• When it comes to (para.9) as far as be
  concerned
• patronize (para.10) behave towards sb as if
  superior or more important than him/her
• Dont patronize me I know just as much about it
  as you do.
• Dont be so patronizing Im not a child any
  more.
• Patron supporter, sponsor

76
Language Points

• Eye-opening (para.10)
• This is really an trip. ???????
• Point out (para.10)
• I should out that not one of these paintings is
  original.
• offer to do (para.10) express willingness to do
  sth
• She offered to drive me to the station.
• He offered to help me carry the bag.
• My father offered to take us to the airport.

77
Assembly Line
78
Language Points

• go ones own way (para.12) to live or work
  without continuing the previous personal/business
  relationship
• After a couple of years together, we realized we
  werent suited to one another and decided to go
  our own way.
• I tried to warn him of the danger, but he was
  determined to go his own way.

79
Language Points

• a beer (para.11) a glass of beer
• a ???????????????????
• A New York to love.
• There is a warmth beaming on her face.
• A Mark Twain
• A new me a new self
• be indebted to (para.11) be grateful to
• Im to all the people who worked so hard to
  make the party a success.
• Most of his colleagues have been to him for his
  assistance.
• The restaurant is heavily to the bank.

80
Sentence Highlight

• I was a generation behind the times. (para.11)
• I was a generation out of date.
• I was behind the generation I belong to.
• I was not in step with my generation.

81
Labeled Generation

• Baby Boomer (1947-1960)
• Baby Buster (1960-)
• 13th Generation / 13th Gen / 13er
• Generation X (1961-1981) / Xer
• Baby Boom Echo (Echo Boomer)
• Generation Y / Yer / Y-er
• Millennial Generation / Millennials (1980-)
• Newmils (in the UK)

82
Representative

• Prince William
• Kate Middleton
• Generation Y

83
Comprehension (Part V)

• What is meant by she and I found each other
  again(para.13)?
• We found that we needed each other and renewed
  our friendship.
• What is the meaning of sibling
  rivalry(para.13)?
• A natural tendency to compete for affection of
  parents or teachers.

84
Language Points

• straighten out (para.12) to settle sth by
  removing the confusion or difficulties in it
• Why does she spend so much time and money trying
  to out the waves in her hair? The curls look
  pretty.
• Once we get these problems ed out, we should be
  all right.

85
Language Points

• dry straight ?????? ????
• follow keep to the straight and narrow ????,
  ????(????)
• get straight ???, ?? ??
• give it to sb. straight ???????? ?????????
• go straight ??? ??? ???? ????
• keep straight ????, (??)???
• keep straight on ??????
• make straight for ???...??
• on the straight ??, ?? ?(???????)????, ????

86
Language Points

• out of the straight ??, ?? ????, ???
• put set sth. straight ?(??)?????
• ride straight ?????? ???
• run straight ???, ??????
• set sb. straight ????
• shoot hit straight ????, ?? ?????, ????
• the straight and narrow (path) ???, ?????????
• straight away off ????? ??, ??
• straight out ???, ???, ?????
• straight up ??? ???

87
Language Points

• heal (para.13) cure make happy/well/ healthy
  again
• She was never able to the breach between
  herself and her father.
• Peace talks were held to try to the growing
  rift between the two sides.
• A broken heart takes a long time to .
• Healable ltadj.gt
• Healer ltn.gt

88
Language Points

• sibling rivalry (para.13)
• There was great sibling rivalry between Peter and
  his brother.
• I have four siblings three brother and a sister.
• Suzhou and Venice are sibling cities.

What fact makes the writer believe that now
friendship is more important than before?
89
Comprehension (Part VI)

• Can you identify any metaphor used in Paragraph
  14? Try to explain it.
• battle with cancer

90

• Thank you!
• To be continued.

91
Lesson 3 Overview

• Text Review
• Duty Report
• Sentence Translation
• Oral Practice
• Dictation
• Appreciation

92
Blank-filling
distinguishing

• Did you have a hard time ___________
  (distinguish) the French words from the English
  ones?
• In many cases, the clothes people wear identify
  them ____ belonging to a particular social class.
• Alan felt he could confide ____ his roommate.
• I want to single all the way ____ my years of
  sanity.

as
in
into
93
Blank-filling

• That is often the case _____ him.
• This result ranks ____ one of their most
  successful election performances of the last ten
  years.
• Henry is a trusted friend _____ whom Reed feels a
  deep kinship.
• The canoe got _______ balance and turned over.

with
as
with
out of/off
94
Translate the phrases

• one's self
• ones usual self
• one's better self
• one's former self
• one's second self
• one's worse self
• To our noble selves!
• ?????????, ?????(??)!

????
(???)??
?? ????????
????????? ??
????, ????
???????? ???
95
Euphemism
96
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882

• American philosopher, essayist and poet.
• The value he particularly stressed were
  intellectual freedom, integrity, and
  self-reliance.
• The best-known of his essays are Nature,
  Self-Reliance, and Over-Soul.
• Nature has been recognized as a major document
  in American Romanticism and Transcendentalism.

97
Famous Quote from Nature
Standing on the bare ground, --my head bathed by
the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite
space,--all mean egotism vanishes. I become a
transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all.
The currents of the Universal Being circulate
through me I am part or parcel of God."
98
Kinship Terms
Forms of Address
Kinship Terms
Social Terms
Mother Father Uncle Aunt Grandpa Given Name
Doctor LN Mister LN Mrs. LN Miss LN
99
Types of Addressing

• Direct address
• Indirect address
• Self-reference
• Address inversion

100
Deciding Factors

• Social class
• Rank
• Social position
• Nationality

• Region
• Sex
• Age
• Relationship

101
Address systems can be a maze.

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102
Explain the following sentence.

• Even though friend is a term of endearment used
  to describe many people in our lives, we often
  have a hard time knowing what the term means.
• Even though friend is an expression we use to
  describe and show affection to many people in our
  lives, we often have difficulty knowing the
  actual meaning of it.

103
Explain the following sentence

• Their acceptance affirms that self and lets us
  develop as individuals. (para.5)
• Being accepted by our friends makes us feel that
  we are respected as we are and encourages us to
  develop in the way we want to.

104
Sentence Highlight

• the only way to have a friend is to be one.
  (para.7)
• Making yourself a friend to others is the only
  way to win their friendship.

105
Explain the following sentence.

• A best-friendship gets out of balance when the
  intensity becomes too one-sided.
• A best-friendship suffers/becomes unsteady if
  there is too much disclosure or too much
  protection on one side only.

106
Explain the following sentence.

• Making friends with someone of the opposite sex
  can be an eye-opening experience.
• Making friends with someone of the opposite sex
  can be an enlightening experience.

107
Explain the following sentence.

• I was a generation behind the times. (para.11)
• I was, to some extent, a person out of date.
• I was behind the generation I belong to.
• I was not in step with my generation.

108
Explain the following sentence.

• Now Im married to the girlfriend I had when I
  met Marcia, and Im indebted to her for that.
• When I met Marcia, I had a girlfriend. Now Im
  married to that girlfriend and Im grateful to
  Marcia for helping me learn about todays women.

109
Sentence Translation

• essential
• Passion is the first in performance.
• When we go on holiday, we only take the bare s.
• The relief agencies are trying to provide food
  and other basic s.
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110
Sentence Translation

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• This leaflet will give you the essentials of how
  to use the word processor.
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• I only had time to pack the bare essentials
  before departure.
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• The room was furnished with the simplest
  essentials a bed, a chair and a table.

111
Sentence Translation

• protective
• The glass vase needs packaging.
• He put a arm around her shoulders.
• Parents can easily become over- of their
  children.
• The country has built a barrier against foreign
  products.
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112
Sentence Translation

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• Some animals and plants have protective coloring.
• Workers in this chemical plant must wear full
  protective clothing.
• He was extremely protective of his role as
  advisor.

113
Sentence Translation

• neglect
• I'm afraid I've rather ed my studies this week.
• This sector is one of the major growth areas and
  we cannot afford to it.
• Many parents focus their attention only on the
  studies of their children but the cultivation
  of their mind/good manners.

114
Sentence Translation

• reveal
• He laughed, ing a line of white teeth.
• These new fashions too much.
• It was ed that important evidence had been
  suppressed.
• Investigation has ed him to be/has ed that he
  is a confirmed criminal.
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115
Sentence Translation

• The report reveals (that) the company made a loss
  of 20 million last year.
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• The doctor did not reveal to him his hopeless
  condition.
• Her biography revealed that she was not as rich
  as everyone thought.

116
Sentence Translation

• rank as
• The city s alongside London as one of the great
  tourist centers of the world.
• She said that 1979 must as the most remarkable
  year for change in China.
• At the height of her career, she ed as one of
  the best figure skaters in the world.

117
Sentence Translation

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• Shanghai ranks as one of the world's largest
  cities.
• Suzhou ranks alongside Hangzhou as one of the
  most beautiful places in China since ancient
  times.

118
Sentence Translation

• play a role in
• Regional managers play a crucial in developing
  a strategic framework.
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• Parents play an important in education of
  children.
• Pressure groups played a major in bringing
  about the reforms.
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119
Sentence Translation

• point out
• The guide ed out the best-known paintings in the
  gallery.
• I'll him out to you next time he comes in.
• He was planning to book a rock-climbing holiday,
  till I ed out that Denis is afraid of height.
• As so rightly ed out, our funds are not
  unlimited.

120
Sentence Translation

• confide in
• He is very much a private man and in no one.
• You can in your own abilities without being
  conceited.
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• He's nice, but I don't feel I can confide in him.

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121
Oral Practice

• Is it wise to make friends online?

122
Voice 1

• In my opinion, making friends online is safe if
  you treat them properly. Even though you should
  treat friends online sincerely, you have to be
  cautious. I met my girlfriend through the net. At
  first, neither of us thought that we would fall
  in love. As time went by, we came to understand
  each other better and better. Finally we decided
  to meet in person. Many others share our story
  and the experience.

123
Voice 2

• I usually meet new friends through relatives or
  other friend introduction. Its not at all safe
  to look for friends online. Many people,
  including children, teenagers, even adults with a
  lot of social experience, have been seriously
  cheated and deeply hurt by people they met
  online. This tells us that we must be careful.
  Though many people online are perfectly normal,
  it takes only meet one bad person to put
  ourselves in danger.

124
Dictation

• What Will Matter ?
• Ready or not, some day it will all come to an
  end. There will be no more sunrises, no days, no
  hours or minutes. All the things you collected,
  whether treasured or forgotten, will pass to
  someone else. Your wealth, fame and temporal
  power will shrivel to irrelevance. It will not
  matter what you owned or what you were owed. Your
  grudges, resentments, frustrations, and
  jealousies will finally disappear. So, too, your
  hopes, ambitions, plans, and to-do lists will all
  expire. The wins and losses that once seemed so
  important will fade away. It won't matter where
  you came from, or on what side of the tracks you
  lived.

125
Dictation

• It won't matter whether you were beautiful or
  brilliant. Your gender, skin color, ethnicity
  will be irrelevant. So what will matter? How will
  the value of your days be measured? What will
  matter is not what you bought, but what you
  built not what you got, but what you gave. What
  will matter is not your success, but your
  significance. What will matter is not what you
  learned, but what you taught. What will matter is
  every act of integrity, compassion, courage and
  sacrifice that enriched, empowered or encouraged
  others to emulate your example.

126
Dictation

• What will matter is not your competence, but
  your character. What will matter is not how many
  people you knew, but how many will feel a lasting
  loss when you're gone. What will matter is not
  your memories, but the memories of those who
  loved you. What will matter is how long you will
  be remembered, by whom and for what. Living a
  life that matters doesn't happen by accident.
  It's not a matter of circumstance but of choice.
  Choose to live a life that matters.

127
Dictation

• A true friend is someone /who stays with you for
  life. /The sharing of intimacies, / including our
  fears as well as our dark dreams,/ is the surest
  way to deepen friendships. / What are some of the
  obstacles to friendship? / The greatest is the
  temptation to expect too much too soon. / Deep
  relationships take time. / Another difficulty is
  the selfish tendency to think one "possesses" the
  other, / with an almost exclusive right to his
  time and attention. / Similarly, friendships
  require mutual actions. / In brief, you must give
  as much as you take. / Unless you spend
  reasonable time together, / talking on the phone,
  writing letters, doing things together, /
  friendships will "wither". / As in all
  interpersonal relationships , / success depends
  on clarity of purpose, / openness to others, /
  and a willingness to experiment.

128
Fine Thoughts in Fine Words

• Friend one soul dwelling in two bodies. It
  (friendship) redoubles joys, and cuts grieves in
  halves.
• Francis Bacon
• Friendship should be more than biting time can
  sever.
• T.S. Eliot

129
Lyrics of Auld Lang Syne

• Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
• And never brought to mind?
• Should auld acquaintance be forgot
• And days of auld lang syne?
• For auld lang syne, my dear,
• For auld lang syne,
• We'll take a cup o' kindness yet
• For (the sake of)auld lang syne.

130
Thank you!