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Mitochondrial genetic disease

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Title: Mitochondrial genetic disease


1
??? ??????
Mitochondrial genetic disease
2
mitochondrion(???)??????????????????????????????,?
?????????DNA????,??????25?????
3
1963?,Nass????????????DNA
Schatz?????????DNA
1981?,???mtDNA?DNA??
1987?,Wallace??mtDNA???????
1988?,????mtDNA??
4
??? ??????
?????????????
?mtDNA?????16,569 bp????????????G??,???(H?),???C?
?,???(L?)?
5
?????????????
mtDNA????,?????,????????D??,??1,000 bp???
D????mtDNA???????,????????? ?4????????????
6
?????????????
???mtDNA?37???,??13?????22?tRNA?2?rRNA?13?????????
?????????
H???12?????14?tRNA?12srRNA?16srRNAL????1?????8?tR
NA ?
7
?????????????
  • ???????,??????????????
  • 1?????

?? mtDNA,DNA??????????????????????????1000?
?????,?????????? ??????????????????????????????
???????DNA??,???????,????????,?????????????
8
Complex Subunits Nuclear mtDNA
? 41 34 7
? 4 4 0
? 11 10 1
? 13 10 3
? 14 12 2
83 70 13
9
?????????????
  • ???????,??????????????
  • 1?????
  • 2???????
  • mtDNA?????,????
  • mtDNA?????????,?????????????,??T?TA??
  • ?????????
  • ?????????

10
?????????????
  • ???????,??????????????
  • 1?????
  • 2???????
  • 3???????????????

11
??????????????
  • mtDNA??????4????????????
  • ?UGA??????,????????
  • ???????????AUG?AUA???????,???????AUG,AUA,AUU?AUC??
    ?????
  • ?AGA,AGG?????????,???????,?????????4??????,?UAA,UA
    G,AGA,AGG?
  • tRNA??????,??22?tRNA?????48?????

12
?????????????????????
??? ???? ?????
UGA ???? ???
AUA ???? ????
AGA ??? ????
AGG ??? ????
13
?????????????
  • 1?????(maternal inheritance)
  • ?????mtDNA????????,???????mtDNA??????

14
?????????????
  • 1?????(maternal inheritance)
  • 2????????
  • ???(homoplasmy)?????????????mtDNA????????
  • ???(heteroplasmy)??????????????????mtDNA??,?
    ?????,????????

15
?????????????
  • 1?????
  • 2????????
  • 3?????
  • ???mtDNA?????????,???????????????,????????
  • ????????????????mtDNA?????????

16
????
? ????????? ????????,??????????????????????
? ??????????????? ?gt???gt?gt?gt?
17
?????????????
  • 1?????
  • 2????????
  • 3?????
  • 4?????

18
????
  • mtDNA??????DNA?10-20????
  • ?mtDNA?????
  • ????????DNA???????????????????,??????????
    ????????????????
  • ????????D-????
  • ???????????
  • mtDNA????????,?????????????(ROS)?????

19
?????????????
  • 1?????
  • 2????????
  • 3?????
  • 4?????
  • 5?mtDNA?????????????
  • ???????,?DNA???mtDNA??????????,????mtDNA?????
    ????

20
?????????????
  • 1?????
  • 2????????
  • 3?????
  • 4?????
  • 5?mtDNA?????????????
  • 6?mtDNA?????????????????????
  • ??????100000??????100???????????

21
??? ???????????
  • (??)???????????????????????????,?????????????????
    ?????????????
  • (??)???????mtDNA??(?????)????????????????????????
    ?????????
  • ??????????????mtDNA?????????????????

22
??? ???????????
????????????
  • ?mtDNA???????????????
  • ?mtDNA?????????
  • ?mtDNA??????

23
??? ???????????
??????????
  • (?)Leber???????
  • Leber???????(LHON)????????Theodor
    Leber?????????????????????????,???????????????????
    ?????
  • ???????41?

24
(No Transcript)
25
Leber???????(LHON)
11778 G?A????NADH??????4(ND4)??340??Arg?His,?????
???????? ??50?LHON???????????
26
??????????
  • (?)Leber???????
  • (?)mtDNA?????????????
  • mtDNA12SrRNA??1555??A?G??????????,??????????
    ????????????????????????
  • AAID??????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????

27
??????????
  • (?)Leber???????
  • (?)mtDNA?????????????
  • (?)MELAS???
  • MELAS????????????????????????????
  • ???????,????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????

28
80 MELAS??mtDNA???tRNA??3243???A?G?
?????????????????3291?3271?3256?3252????
???????tRNAleu?????,???tRNA???rRNA????????????????
,??MELAS????????????????rRNA?mRNA??????
29
??????????
  • (?)Leber???????
  • (?)mtDNA?????????????
  • (?)MELAS???
  • (?)MERRF???
  • MERRF??????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????? ?

30
8090?MERRF??????mtDNA?tRNALys??8344 bp
A?G????????????8356???T?C????????tRNA????,???????
???,??????MERRF???????,???????????II?,????????????
???
31
  • MERRF???????mtDNA???????
  • ?????????????????????????,20??????,?mtDNA???95
    ?????MERRF??,??85?????????????mtDNA???63??????
    ??,???85?????????

32
??????????
  • (?)Leber???????
  • (?)mtDNA?????????????
  • (?)MELAS???
  • (?)MERRF???
  • (?)Kearns-Sayre ???
  • Kearns-Sayre ???(KSS)??????????????

33
Kearns-Sayre ???(KSS)
???1958??Kearns?Sayre??????????????????????????
????????????????,?????1.51,?????????,75?????20??
??50????,??50????????????????????,??????????????
???????????
34
Kearns-Sayre ???mtDNA???????????????
???????????????????????
???????????,???tRNA??,???????????mtDNA???????
??,??3050?KSS???????4977bp??,????ATP????8?ND5??
??????
35
??????????
  • (?)Leber???????
  • (?)mtDNA?????????????
  • (?)MELAS???
  • (?)MERRF???
  • (?)Kearns-Sayre ???
  • (?)??????????(NIDDM)

36
??????????(NIDDM)
??????????20?????????
???????????tRNA????
?????????mtDNA?tRNA??3243bpA?G????
?3243bpA?G?????????????????,???mtDNA?3263???
???????,?24??ND1???3316bpG?C?????
37
????????????
  • ???????????????,???????????????
  • ?????????4977bp?????????????,????????????????
    ????????,???????????????????????????????,?????????
    ????????
  • mtDNA????????????????????????

38
??mtDNA-?DNA???
  • 1?mtDNA??DNA?????
  • ??????????????????,??????????
    ????????????????,??????????????
  • 2??????????????
  • ????????????????,????????

39
?????
  • ????????????????
  • ???????????

40
????????
  • 1?????
  • 2?mtDNA???????
  • 3????????????

41
???????
  • ??? ??????
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