Title: Mitochondrial genetic disease
1??? ??????
Mitochondrial genetic disease
2mitochondrion(???)??????????????????????????????,?
?????????DNA????,??????25?????
31963?,Nass????????????DNA
Schatz?????????DNA
1981?,???mtDNA?DNA??
1987?,Wallace??mtDNA???????
1988?,????mtDNA??
4??? ??????
?????????????
?mtDNA?????16,569 bp????????????G??,???(H?),???C?
?,???(L?)?
5?????????????
mtDNA????,?????,????????D??,??1,000 bp???
D????mtDNA???????,????????? ?4????????????
6?????????????
???mtDNA?37???,??13?????22?tRNA?2?rRNA?13?????????
?????????
H???12?????14?tRNA?12srRNA?16srRNAL????1?????8?tR
NA ?
7?????????????
- ???????,??????????????
- 1?????
?? mtDNA,DNA??????????????????????????1000?
?????,?????????? ??????????????????????????????
???????DNA??,???????,????????,?????????????
8Complex Subunits Nuclear mtDNA
? 41 34 7
? 4 4 0
? 11 10 1
? 13 10 3
? 14 12 2
83 70 13
9?????????????
- ???????,??????????????
- 1?????
- 2???????
- mtDNA?????,????
- mtDNA?????????,?????????????,??T?TA??
- ?????????
- ?????????
10?????????????
- ???????,??????????????
- 1?????
- 2???????
- 3???????????????
11??????????????
- mtDNA??????4????????????
- ?UGA??????,????????
- ???????????AUG?AUA???????,???????AUG,AUA,AUU?AUC??
????? - ?AGA,AGG?????????,???????,?????????4??????,?UAA,UA
G,AGA,AGG? - tRNA??????,??22?tRNA?????48?????
12 ?????????????????????
??? ???? ?????
UGA ???? ???
AUA ???? ????
AGA ??? ????
AGG ??? ????
13?????????????
- 1?????(maternal inheritance)
- ?????mtDNA????????,???????mtDNA??????
14?????????????
- 1?????(maternal inheritance)
- 2????????
- ???(homoplasmy)?????????????mtDNA????????
- ???(heteroplasmy)??????????????????mtDNA??,?
?????,????????
15?????????????
- 1?????
- 2????????
- 3?????
- ???mtDNA?????????,???????????????,????????
- ????????????????mtDNA?????????
16????
? ????????? ????????,??????????????????????
? ??????????????? ?gt???gt?gt?gt?
17?????????????
- 1?????
- 2????????
- 3?????
- 4?????
18????
- mtDNA??????DNA?10-20????
- ?mtDNA?????
- ????????DNA???????????????????,??????????
???????????????? - ????????D-????
- ???????????
- mtDNA????????,?????????????(ROS)?????
19?????????????
- 1?????
- 2????????
- 3?????
- 4?????
- 5?mtDNA?????????????
- ???????,?DNA???mtDNA??????????,????mtDNA?????
????
20?????????????
- 1?????
- 2????????
- 3?????
- 4?????
- 5?mtDNA?????????????
- 6?mtDNA?????????????????????
- ??????100000??????100???????????
21??? ???????????
- (??)???????????????????????????,?????????????????
????????????? - (??)???????mtDNA??(?????)????????????????????????
????????? - ??????????????mtDNA?????????????????
22??? ???????????
????????????
- ?mtDNA???????????????
- ?mtDNA?????????
- ?mtDNA??????
23??? ???????????
??????????
- (?)Leber???????
- Leber???????(LHON)????????Theodor
Leber?????????????????????????,???????????????????
????? - ???????41?
24(No Transcript)
25Leber???????(LHON)
11778 G?A????NADH??????4(ND4)??340??Arg?His,?????
???????? ??50?LHON???????????
26??????????
- (?)Leber???????
- (?)mtDNA?????????????
- mtDNA12SrRNA??1555??A?G??????????,??????????
???????????????????????? - AAID??????????????????????????????????
??????????????
27??????????
- (?)Leber???????
- (?)mtDNA?????????????
- (?)MELAS???
- MELAS????????????????????????????
- ???????,????????
- ??????????????????????????????????????
28 80 MELAS??mtDNA???tRNA??3243???A?G?
?????????????????3291?3271?3256?3252????
???????tRNAleu?????,???tRNA???rRNA????????????????
,??MELAS????????????????rRNA?mRNA??????
29??????????
- (?)Leber???????
- (?)mtDNA?????????????
- (?)MELAS???
- (?)MERRF???
- MERRF??????????????????????????????????????
- ?????????? ?
308090?MERRF??????mtDNA?tRNALys??8344 bp
A?G????????????8356???T?C????????tRNA????,???????
???,??????MERRF???????,???????????II?,????????????
???
31- MERRF???????mtDNA???????
- ?????????????????????????,20??????,?mtDNA???95
?????MERRF??,??85?????????????mtDNA???63??????
??,???85?????????
32??????????
- (?)Leber???????
- (?)mtDNA?????????????
- (?)MELAS???
- (?)MERRF???
- (?)Kearns-Sayre ???
- Kearns-Sayre ???(KSS)??????????????
33Kearns-Sayre ???(KSS)
???1958??Kearns?Sayre??????????????????????????
????????????????,?????1.51,?????????,75?????20??
??50????,??50????????????????????,??????????????
???????????
34Kearns-Sayre ???mtDNA???????????????
???????????????????????
???????????,???tRNA??,???????????mtDNA???????
??,??3050?KSS???????4977bp??,????ATP????8?ND5??
??????
35??????????
- (?)Leber???????
- (?)mtDNA?????????????
- (?)MELAS???
- (?)MERRF???
- (?)Kearns-Sayre ???
- (?)??????????(NIDDM)
36??????????(NIDDM)
??????????20?????????
???????????tRNA????
?????????mtDNA?tRNA??3243bpA?G????
?3243bpA?G?????????????????,???mtDNA?3263???
???????,?24??ND1???3316bpG?C?????
37????????????
- ???????????????,???????????????
- ?????????4977bp?????????????,????????????????
????????,???????????????????????????????,?????????
???????? - mtDNA????????????????????????
38??mtDNA-?DNA???
- 1?mtDNA??DNA?????
- ??????????????????,??????????
????????????????,?????????????? - 2??????????????
- ????????????????,????????
39?????
- ????????????????
- ???????????
40????????
- 1?????
- 2?mtDNA???????
- 3????????????
41???????