Ancient Egypt

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Ancient Egypt
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Geography of Egypt

• Surrounded by deserts on either side.
• Very little rainfall.

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The Nile River Valley

• Waters of Nile come from the meeting of the
  White Nile and the Blue Nile.
• Depended on the flooding of the Nile to produce
  fertile soil for agriculture.

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Nile Delta

• Where the Nile River empties into the
  Mediterranean Sea.
• largest area of fertile land in Egypt.
• As a result, much of Egypts history is found
  here.

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Deserts

• Nile Valley is sandwiched between the Western
  Desert and the Eastern Desert.

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Western Desert
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Deserts

• The deserts created protection from invasion.
• Insulated Egyptians from outside influences.
• Sources of minerals and building supplies -
  copper, gold, tin, limestone and natron - the
  drying agent used in mummification process.

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The Mediterranean Sea

• Egypts major outlet for trade.
• Allowed Egypt to obtain a wide variety of goods.

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Egypts Ancient History

• Divided into three kingdoms
• Old - 2686 - 2150 BCE
• Middle - 2050 - 1700 BCE
• New - 1550 - 1070

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Prior to 3100 BCE

• Egypt was divided into Upper Egypt (southern) and
  Lower Egypt (northern).
• Collection of unorganized societies.
• White crown represented Upper Egypt.
• Red crown represented Lower Egypt.

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King Menes

• United Upper and Lower Egypt in 3100 BCE.
• Red and white crown symbolizes their unity.

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Old Kingdom 2686-2150 BCE

• Acquired tremendous wealth in material goods and
  new ideas through trade in Mediterranean.
• Mined copper in the Sinai Peninsula.
• Timber from Syria.
• Wine and oil from Crete.
• Potters wheel from Mesopotamia.

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Imhotep

• First individual (non-ruler) whose life has been
  recorded and passed on through history.
• Called an Egyptian Genius.
• Founded Egyptian system of medicine.
• Designed and supervised the building of the first
  stone building and first pyramid.