Laurales

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4. Eudicots- the largest group
Laurales
Magnoliales
2. Magnoliids
Piperales
Canellales
3. Monocots
1. Basal Angiosperms
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Araceae
Monocots (11 orders)
Petaloid
Grass-like
Monocots are monophyletic.
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Alismatales (11 families) Araceae S
ymplocarpus foetidus Arisaema triphyllum
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Symplocarpus foetidus flowers are bisexual.
Note Spathe and Spadix
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Arisaema triphyllum, Jack-in-the-pulpit.
Spath Spadix Leaf
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A developing inflorescence of Amorphophallus
titanum, native to Sumatra.
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Amorphophallus can produce a strong odor. In
Indonesia it is called bunga bangkai, the
"corpse flower."
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Saving a specimen at the Fairchild Botanical
Gardens www.fairchildgarden.org/blooms/amorphophal
lus99-harvesting.html
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Taro Colocasia esculenta Araceae
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Traditional Poi Preparation
Quicker Method
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Taro is one of the few crops that grows well in
wet soils. It can also grow in dry areas.
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Araceae
Monocots (11 orders)
Petaloid
Grass-like
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The Liliales
We will focus on 3 families in the Liliales
Liliaceae, Trilliaceae and the Uvulariaceae
(not monophyletic).
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Liliales (8 families) Liliaceae Lilium
spp. Erythronium americanum
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Liliaceae, Lilium philadelphicum, note
loculicidal capsule, spotted tepals, location of
nectaries at curled base of tepals, 6 tepals, 6
anthers, 3 parted stigma.
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Liliales, Lilium sp., note 6 spotted tepals and 6
anthers.
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Liliaceae, Erythronium americanum, one of our
earliest spring flowers,
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Liliaceae, Erythronium americanum, Trout
Lily Note mottled leaves.
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Erythronium americanum, note bulb (with
contractile roots).
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Erythronium americanum Later in flowering the
petals reflex. Note 6 tepals, 6 anthers.
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Liliales (8 families) Uvulariaceae Uvularia
sessilifolia Uvularia grandifolia Streptopus
roseus
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Uvulariaceae, Uvularia sessilifolia, Bellwort
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Uvularia grandifolia dissected flower.
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Uvulariaceae, Uvularia sessilifolia, Bellwort.
Note growth form with an underground
rhizome.
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Uvularia sessilifolia
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Uvulariaceae , Streptopus roseus, Rosy
twisted-stalk
Close-up of flower. Note resemblance to
Uvularia. Petals are free (not fused)
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Liliales (8 families) Trilliaceae Trillium
grandiflorum Trillium erectum Trillium
undulatum
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Trilliaceae, Trillium grandiflorum, one of our
showiest Trillium found further south. Note a
single whorl of 3 leaves and 3 sepals and 3
petals.
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Trillium sp. Note a. leaf venation (parallel
primary veins, net secondary veins), b. 3
leaves, 3 sepals and 3 petals.
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Trilliaceae, Trillium erectum, Stinking
Benjamin Note 3 large leaves, 3 sepals, and 3
petals.
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Winged maroon ovary of Trillium erectum
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Trilliaceae, Trillium undulatum, painted trillium.