Earth Science

1
Earth Science

• An overview of the
• Solar System

2
The Sun

• The sun is the biggest, brightest, and hottest
  object in the solar system.
• The sun is an ordinary star.
• The sun is made of about 70 hydrogen and 28
  helium.

3
Distance

• A planets distance from the sun has a major
  effect on its characteristics
• Refer to the Earth Science Reference Tables for
  information

4
Planets are sorted by density

• The closer planets are ___________ than the
  farther out planets

5
Terrestrial Planets

• The planets that are Earth-like in being
  relatively close to the sun, mostly solid, and
  having relatively small diameters and high
  densities
• Includes Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

6
Mercury

• Mercury is solid and is covered with craters.
• Mercury has almost no atmosphere.
• Mercury is the eighth largest planet.

7
Venus

• Venus is the sixth largest planet. Its about
  three-fourths the size of earth.
• The surface is rocky and very hot. The atmosphere
  completely hides the surface and traps the heat.

8
Earth

• Earth is the fifth largest planet and the third
  from the sun.
• Liquid covers 71 percent of the Earths surface.
• The Earth has one moon.

9
Moon
10
Man on the Moon
11
Mars

• Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.
• Mars has a thin atmosphere that contains mostly
  carbon dioxide.
• Mars has two small moons.

12
Moons of Mars

• Phobos
• Deimos

13
Jovian Planets

• Planets that are far from the sun, largely
  gaseous, and have relatively large diameters,
  many moons, rings, and low densities
• Jovian planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus
  and Neptune

14
Jupiter
15
Jupiters Red Spot

• The Great Red Spot, a huge storm of swirling gas
  that has lasted for hundreds of years.
• Jupiter does not have a solid surface. The planet
  is a ball of liquid surrounded by gas.

16
Moons of Jupiter

• Jupiter has four large moons, twelve smaller
  named moons and twenty-three more recently
  discovered but not named moons.
• Well take a look at the four large Galilean
  moons which were first observed by Galileo in
  1610.

17
Io

• Io is the fifth moon of Jupiter. Its the third
  largest of Jupiters moons.
• Io has hundreds of volcanic calderas. Some of the
  volcanoes are active.

18
Europa

• Europa is the sixth of Jupiters moons and is the
  fourth largest.
• It is slightly smaller than the Earths moon.
• The surface strongly resembles images of sea ice
  on Earth. There may be a liquid water sea under
  the crust.
• Europa is one of the five known moons in the
  solar system to have an atmosphere.

19
Ganymede

• Ganymede is the seventh and largest of Jupiters
  known satellites.
• Ganymede has extensive cratering and an icy crust.

20
Callisto

• Callisto is the eighth of Jupiters known
  satellites and the second largest.
• Callisto has the oldest, most cratered surface of
  any body yet observed in the solar system.

21
Saturn

• Saturn is the second largest planet and the sixth
  from the sun.
• Saturn is made of materials that are lighter than
  water. If you could fit Saturn in a lake, it
  would technically float!

22
Rings of Saturn

• Saturns rings are not solid they are composed
  of small countless particles.
• The rings are very thin. Though theyre 250,000km
  or more in diameter, theyre less than one
  kilometer thick.

23
Uranus

• Uranus is the third largest planet and the
  seventh from the sun.
• Uranus is one of the giant gas planets.
• Uranus is blue-green because of the methane in
  its atmosphere.

24
Neptune

• Neptune is the fourth largest planet and the
  eight from the sun.
• Because of the orbits, from 1979 to 1999, Neptune
  was the ninth planet.
• Like Uranus, the methane gives Neptune its color.

25
Pluto

• Pluto is a dwarf planet.
• Pluto is the only planet that has not been
  visited by a spacecraft.

26
FAQ- COULD YOU WALK ON A GAS GIANT?

• It's absolutely impossible. 3 reasons the planet
  has an atmosphere that is made up from gases that
  are deadly to a human. Secondly, the surface of
  Jupiter (and just about all of the rest of it
  too) is gaseous and the only "solid" part is a
  very small inner core. Thirdly, even if you could
  find a solid surface to stand on you would still
  die instantly because the pressure on Jupiter is
  so incredibly heavy that a human would be crushed
  and flattened like a ribbon instantly.