Lithium Ion Battery Cells

1
Lithium Ion Battery Cells Risks and Hazards
LiCoO2 3.168Wh
LiCoO2 9.62Wh
LiFePO4 9.6Wh
LiFePO4 10.56Wh
LiCoO2 2.96Wh
LiNiMnO2 13Wh
LiMnNi 14.4Wh
LiFePO4 1.92Wh
LiFePO4 2.25Wh
LiCoO2 2.7Wh
LiCoO2 1.8Wh
LiCoO2 .432Wh
ICAO
FAA Fire Safety
09-11-2014
2
Lithium-Ion Chemistry Variation
LiFePO4 Max Cell Temp 357C
LiNiMnCoO2 Max Cell Temp 563C
LiMnNi Max Cell Temp 757C
3
5 Stacked E-Tablets
4
Li-Ion Combustion Chamber Test
Maximum Pressure 28 PSI
5
Paper from SAE International
Components of vented gas
Pressure rise of LiCoO2 cells at 100 SOC
Kg Explosion Index (Proportional to Rate of
Pressure Rise)
Quantification of Combustion Hazards of Thermal
Runaway Failures in Lithium-Ion
Batteries Somandepalli et al / SAE Int. J. Alt.
Power. / Volume 3, Issue 1 (May 2014) Paper
number 2014-01-1857
6
Summary

• Cells without adequate vents can explode.
• Heat release, propagation and flammability vary
  among different chemistries of Lithium-Ion cells.
• Vented gasses can accumulate and cause an
  explosion.
• Composition of vented gasses contain H2,
  Hydrocarbons, CO, CO2 and concentrations vary
  with SOC.