Biology: Science of Life

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Biology Science of Life

• Ch.1

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(1-1) Characteristics of Life

1. Organization Cells
2. Response to Stimuli
3. Homeostasis
4. Metabolism
5. Growth Development
6. Reproduction
7. Change thru Time

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Organization

• Cells basic unit of life
• Tissues groups of cells w/ similar functions
• Muscle tissue
• Organs tissues carry out specialized jobs
• Lung
• Organ Systems organs that work
• together to perform a task
• Respiratory system

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Cell Structure Function

• Unicellular 1 cell
• Bacteria
• Multicellular many cells
• Humans
• Differentiation cells become specialized

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Response to Stimuli

• Stimulus change in the internal or external
  environment
• Dilating pupils

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Homeostasis

• Stable internal conditions
• Ex
• Temperature
• Ex Thermostat
• Water intake
• Food intake
• pH

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Metabolism

• Sum of all chemical rxns that take in transform
  E materials from the environment
• Photosynthesis converts light E into chemical E
• Cellular Respiration converts organic cmpds into
  usable E (ATP)

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Growth Development

• Cell division formation of 2 cells from an
  existing cell
• Development process by which an organism grows
• Repeated cell divisions differentiation

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Reproduction

• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) large molecule of
  hereditary info
• Gene segment of DNA that contains instructions
  for development of a single trait
• Sexual (2 ?1) vs. Asexual (1 ?2) reproduction

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Change Thru Time

• Evolution

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(1-2) Themes of Biology

• 3 major themes
• Diversity Unity of Life
• Interdependence of Organisms
• Evolution of Life

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Diversity Unity of Life

• All living things have in common
• Genetic code
• Tree of Life (lineages)
• 3 domains
• 6 kingdoms

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Interdependence of Organisms

• Ecology study of the relationship b/w organisms
  their environment
• Ecosystem all the biotic abiotic (nonliving)
  components of an environment

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Evolution of Life

• Adaptations traits that improve ability to
  survive reproduce
• Natural selection organisms w/ favorable traits
  reproduce at higher rates than those w/out such
  traits
• Survival of the fittest

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(1-3) Scientific Method

• Observe
• Hypothesize
• Explains observations data can be tested
  (if, then)
• Predict
• Experiment
• Qualitative vs. quantitative (s) data
• Communicate
• Theorize well-tested explanation of
• observations

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Experiment Variables

• Control group standard
• Hunts in light
• Experimental group identical to control except
  1 factor
• Hunts in dark
• Independent variable manipulated variable
• Amount of light
• Dependent variable responding variable
• Distance of owls strike

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(1-4) Microscopes

• Instrument that produces an enlarged image of an
  object
• Ex
• Light (living)
• Electron (nonliving)

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Measurement

• SI standard system of measurement used by
  scientists
• Base units 7 fundamental SI units
• Length m
• Mass kg
• Time second