MATTER

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MATTER

• 3º ESO

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We can think about matter, howIt looks (shiny,
dull, color, etc.) It feels (hard, soft, rough,
smooth, etc.) It smells (sweet, sharp, terrible,
no smell, etc.) It sounds (loud, soft, echo, no
sound, etc.) It does (bounce, stretch, tear,
break, magnetism etc.)
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But, when we are thinking about Physics we have
to change our mind into more defined properties
as mass, volume, density, boiling point and
freezing point,..
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Mass is a measure of the amount of matter an
object has. In The International System of Units
(SI) is mesured as kilograms (kg), other units
can be ounces, pounds, grams,.. We use a
balance to mesure.
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Volume is the amount of space that matter takes
up. In The International System of Units (SI) is
mesured as cubic meters (m3), other units
liters, cubic millimeters, cubic inches,
pints,..We could use a graduated cilinder to
measure.
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Mass and volum are relationed by density. Unit
SI kg/m3. Others g/mm3, g/l, ..Density is one
of the characteristic properties of matter. If
you know density you will know the substance you
are working with (of course youll need a table
of values)
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Substance Density (g/cm3)
Air 0,0013
Wood (oak) 0,85
Water 1,00
Ice 0,93
Aluminum 2,7
Lead 11,3
Mercury 13,6
Gold 19,3
Etanol 0,94
Table of densities
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States of matter
Matter is usually found in 3 states liquid,
solid, and gas. One substance can be in any of
these states, it depends on pressure and
temperature.
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States of matters changes
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Table of substances (changes of state at
atmospheric pressure)
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Changes of temperature
We have seen that a temperature variation can
change the state of matter but.. an increase in
temperature generally causes things to expand,
and that a decrease in temperature generally
causes things to contract. Because of this
materials need meetings expansions.
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Matter undergoes changes that are- Physical-
Chemical


Physical change
Chemical change
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Physical changes
-         Physical, such as boiling, freezing,
dissolving, evaporating, (changes in state of
matter),.. Changes in the size and shape of an
object are physical changes.
Ex. Water cycle
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Chemical changes
A chemical change is a change that causes matter
to become a new kind of matter.




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Chemical changes can be expressed as chemical
reactions
H2 Cl2   --gt   2 HCl
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Resources
http//www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/4gradeco
ver.html http//www.brainpop.com/science/matter/st
atesofmatter/ http//www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebit
esize/chemistry/structure/particlesfrev1.shtml htt
p//www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_intro.html http
//www.quia.com/custom/2202main.html http//www.cd
li.ca/CITE/matter.htm http//www.abcteach.com http
//www.unitedstreaming.com