Performance Enhancing Drugs

1
Performance Enhancing Drugs

• Sports Medicine I

2
Recreational and Performance Enhancing Drugs

• Recreational drugs
• Alcohol
• Marijuana
• cocaine

• Performance Enhancing
• Anabolic steroids
• caffeine

Both have serious and sometimes irreversible side
effects!!!
3
Alcohol

• Most commonly abused drug at all levels
• Peer pressure to drink is extreme
• Universally accepted
• Most difficult drug to control

4
Alcohol

• Results in deterioration of the psychomotor
  skills of
• Reaction time
• Hand-eye coordination
• Accuracy
• Balance
• Complex coordination

5
Alcohol

• Consistently Decreases
• Strength
• Power
• Local muscular endurance
• Speed
• Cardiovascular endurance

6
Marijuana

• Second most commonly abused substance
• Significant effects with athletic performance

• Effects
• Major impairment of coordination
• Impairment of tracing performance
• Slowed reaction time
• Altered perception of speed, time, and space
• Short-term and long-term memory loss
• Prolonged learning time

7
Marijuana

• Anti-Motivational Syndrome
• Apathy
• Loss of ambition and effectiveness
• Diminished ability to carry out long-term plans
• Difficulty concentrating
• Decline in academic and athletic performance
• Intermittent confusion
• Impaired memory
• Loss of energy

8
Tobacco Products

• Rules and regulations established to curb use of
  tobacco in athletics
• Cancer is linked to the use of these products
• Baseball has seen the most recent regulations

• Products
• Smoking
• Chewing
• Snuff

9
Anabolic Steroids

• Synthetic derivatives of the male hormone
  testosterone
• Most controversial drugs
• Hope is to increase strength and size of muscles

• Little evidence that there are benefits
• Steroid use without training, there is no effect
  of muscle size or strength

10
Anabolic Steroids

• Side Effects (Men)
• Aggressive behavior
• Liver damage
• Impaired kidney function
• Enlarged prostate
• Decreased testosterone
• Testicular atrophy
• Growth of breast tissue
• Elevated blood pressure

• Side Effects (Women)
• Deepened voice
• Growth of facial/chest hair
• Liver damage
• Menstrual irregularities
• Impairment of reproductive capactiy

11
Caffeine

• Moderate amounts increase mental alertness
• Too much may cause anxiety, hamper performance,
  increase heart rate
• Has a diuretic effect
• Adversely affects performance

12
Creatine

• Recently gained notoriety
• Burn a high-energy compound stored in muscle
• Large dosages contributes to dehydration
• More research must be conducted

13
Recognition of Drug Use

• Motivation variations
• Changes in personality/behaviors
• Withdrawal from companionship
• Decline in performance (physically and
  academically)
• Inability to coordinate

• Poor personal hygiene
• Muddled speech
• Impaired judgement
• Restless, jittery
• Muscular twitches
• Heavy sweating
• Bad breath
• Red eyes
• Increased appetite

14
Banned Substance Lists

• http//www.ncaa.org/wps/wcm/connect/53e6f4804e0b8a
  129949f91ad6fc8b25/2009-10BannedDrugClasses.pdf
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  b25

15
NCAA Video

• http//web1.ncaa.org/web_video/health_and_safety/d
  rug-testing/2009/2009_drug_ed_testing.html