Research Project

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Research Project
Forced Marriage and Honour based Violence. A
Trafford Perspective.

• Anesha Pandor
• Farah Khan

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The EMY Project

• The Empowering Muslim Youth Project
• Established to engage, enable and empower youth
  and communities from Muslim and non Muslim
  faiths.
• Offering opportunities for Muslim and non Muslim
  youth to engage in Activities and Initiatives.
• Taking into account faith and cultural needs and
  obligations.
• Provisions for male and female youth.

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The EMY ProjectCulture Clicks - Female group

• Farah Khan Culture Clicks Co-ordinator
• All Female groups
• Muslim and Non Muslim Participants
• Confidence Building
• Increasing self esteem
• Raising aspirations
• Empowering and enabling
• Increasing civic participation

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The EMY ProjectCulture Clicks - Female group

• Anesha Pandor Researcher
• Trafford related research Projects
• Development of a Mediation service
• Hate crime

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Research Project

• Aim/Objectives
• The range of communities that forced marriages
  occurs in.
• Current existing support available in the borough
  of Trafford
• Risk factors within vulnerable groups,
• Barriers for individuals in reporting cases and
  barriers for accessing support and services.
• Preventative/protective factors
• Recommendations

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• Nazir Afzal OBE.
• Chief prosecutor North West.
• Crown Prosecution services

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Research Project

• Methodology
• Background literature review
• Stakeholder interviews- telephone and face to
  face interviews (Statutory and voluntary
  organisations)
• Focus groups- 78 participants
• Online survey- 220 responses

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Forced Marriage Definition

• A forced marriage is a marriage conducted
  without the valid consent of both parties where
  duress is a factor.
• There is a difference between a forced marriage
  and an arranged marriage.

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Honour Based Violence

• The CPS and police definition of Honour Based
  Violence
• A crime or incident which has or may have been
  committed to protect or defend the honour of the
  family and or community

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Religious background of respondents
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Ethnicity of Respondents
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1. Communities that Forced Marriages Occurs in

• Forced marriages are seen as occurring across a
  wide range of communities and cultures.
• Research findings of top three communities
  affected
• 1. Asian 74.6
• 2. Middle Eastern 52.4
• 3. Somali 49.2

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Communities that Forced Marriages Occurs in

• Forced marriages are seen as being associated to
  specific faith groups.
• 46.5 associated with faith
• 37.4 associated with no faith
• 17.6 unsure

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Recurring Themes

• Yes we think it is common, most people know but
  stay quiet. They cover and say it was an arranged
  marriage not forced it never crosses our mind
  that they could have been pressured into the
  marriage.
• There is an issue but we are not aware of it
  as people dont talk about it.
• People dont talk about it, its taboo .....

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2. Trafford Services

• Two support services specifically located in
  Trafford.
• Trafford Victim Support,
• Trafford Womens Aid.
• Additional services within Greater Manchester
• Independent Choices
• Manchester Womens Aid
• Saheli
• Pakistani Resource Centre

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Stakeholders

• Services being provided
• Emergency Accommodation
• Referral and signposting
• Outreach work
• IDVA Service
• Advice and Support

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Challenges for services

• Lack of funding and resources
• Multi - agency working
• Difficulties in prosecution
• Risk of individual personal safety when working
  with communities
• Lack of awareness and education

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Challenges

• Working with vulnerable children and adults
• Victim retraction
• Difficulties in identifying honour based violence
  cases
• Language barriers

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3.Risk Factors within Vulnerable Groups

• Gender Specifically young women
• Family- traditions and cultures
• Strengthening family ties
• Protecting family honour
• Poverty,
• Disability.

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4.Barriers to Reporting

• Specific groups disability, NRPF etc.
• Fear of repercussions Shame, Dishonour,
  Ostracised
• Legal implications- Criminalization
• Lack of awareness
• Services- Culturally sensitive, Confidentiality,
  Training.

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Online Survey

• 60.5 highlighted Fear of speaking
  out/dishonouring family as the main barrier in
  reporting.
• 51.7 highlighted a combination of all the
  options given as a barrier.
• Isolation overseas.
• lack of specialist services.
• language barriers .
• lack of information.

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Recurring Themes
Trust I wouldnt ring anyone official I
think I would be scared to talk to the police or
someone like that. I might talk to a teacher or a
close family member someone who I thought I could
trust. The biggest worry I would have is the
risk of getting turned away by the police or any
other person who I seek advice/help from.
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Recurring Themes
Lack of cultural awareness/understanding
Police- first thing Police go to is
parents. Police can be like a bull in a china
shop. They need to be aware of Asian
community, downplay- not make a scene,. Not
putting everyone in the same basket, all mixed,
Gujarati, Sikh.
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5.Preventative/Protective Factors

• Community engagement- Establishing trust.
• Training and awareness for professionals.
• Culturally sensitive support.
• Raising awareness and education in schools.
• Empowering young people.
• Engaging religious leaders.
• Establishing safe places for workshops and drop
  in services.

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5.Preventative/Protective factors-Online Survey

• The top three factors government should focus on
  to help victims
• 60.7 - raise public awareness and campaigns.
• 55.1 - more support services for victims.
• 40.4 - prevention awareness in schools.
• Should there be more awareness around this issue?
• 88.4 - Yes

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Encouraging victims to come forward.
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Awareness Focus groups

• Majority of participants ( 97.5) from focus
  groups were unaware of
• Any specialist support services and help lines.
• What to do if they were in this situation .
  Forced marriage was seen as an issue but a
  taboo subject

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Awareness Online

• 34.3 Would NOT know who to contact
• 25.8 Were unsure
• Participants preferences differed in their ways
  of seeking support
• 62.4 - Would seek support and help from trusted
  friends and family,
• 58.4 - Internet,
• 56.2 - Police,
• 52.8 - telephone help lines

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Findings

• Lack of public awareness and education in schools
• Lack of a clear and co-ordinated localised
  strategy
• Training and skills gap
• Lack of Routine Enquiry
• Need long-term Support Provision
• Lack of local data sources, recording and
  monitoring

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Conclusion

• Lack of
• Forced marriage Honour based violence
  awareness.
• Education within schools/colleges.
• Professional training.
• Recorded information.
• Localised strategy Awareness, training,
  monitoring,
• Community engagement- Trust
• Funding and resources for specialist services

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Recommendations

• Training
• Trafford multi-agency strategy
• Integrate FM and HBV Training within pre existing
  safeguarding training.
• Staff to include FM and HBV as a routine enquiry
  to identified groups.
• Develop training for frontline staff.

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Recommendations

• Services
• Develop long term support provision
• Provide resources to sustain existing services
• Using existing best practices to develop future
  specialist services to address gaps identified.
• Establish safe spaces for women to access
  services and support

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Recommendations

• Establish a consistent and integrated recording
  and monitoring system.
• Improve data collection and recording

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Recommendations

• Improving Prevention and raising awareness
• Schools and colleges, social media, public
  campaigns,
• Community engagement- religious leaders
• Develop a single point of contact helpline for
  Trafford services.

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3 Step Approach

• Education
• Community engagement
• Public campaigns
• Work with Religious leaders.

• Confidential
• Sustainable
• Culturally sensitive
• Face to face
• Helpline
• online support
• After care support
• Counselling

Multi Agency strategy

• Identification
• Risk
• Referrals
• Monitoring
• Embed within existing training

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• Thank you
• Any Questions?

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Contact details

• Gir Alam
• EMY Project Manager
• 07507254777
• theemyproject_at_yahoo.co.uk
• Farah Khan
• theemyproject_at_yahoo.co.uk
• cultureclicks_at_yahoo.co.uk
• 07912507950
• Anesha Pandor
• cultureclicks_at_yahoo.co.uk