Chapter 15, Families and Intimate Relationships

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Chapter 15, Families and Intimate Relationships

• Key Terms

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• families Relationships in which people live
  together with commitment, form an economic unit,
  care for young, and consider their identity
  attached to the group.
• kinship Refers to a social network of people
  based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.

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• extended family A unit composed of relatives in
  addition to parents and children who live in the
  same household.
• nuclear family Composed of one or two parents
  and their dependent children, all of whom live
  apart from other relatives.

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• monogamy A marriage between two partners,
  usually a woman and a man.
• polygamy The concurrent marriage of a person of
  one sex with two or more members of the opposite
  sex.

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• polygny The concurrent marriage of one man with
  two or more women.
• polyandry The marriage of one woman with two or
  more men.

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• patrilineal descent Tracing descent through the
  father's side of the family, whereby a legitimate
  son inherits his father's property and sometimes
  his position upon the father's death.
• matrilineal descent Tracing descent through the
  mother's side of the family however, inheritance
  of property and position usually is traced from
  the maternal uncle to his nephew.

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• bilateral descent A system of tracing descent
  through both the mother and father's sides of the
  family.
• patriarchal family A family structure in which
  authority is held by the eldest male, who acts as
  head of household and holds power over the women
  and children.

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• matriarchal family A family structure in which
  authority is held by the eldest female, who acts
  as head of household.
• egalitarian family A family structure in which
  both partners share power and authority equally.

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• patrilocal residence The custom of a married
  couple living in the same household (or
  community) with the husband's family.
• matrilocal residence The custom of a married
  couple living in the same household (or
  community) with the wife's parents.

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• neolocal residence The custom of a married
  couple living in their own residence apart from
  both the husband's and the wife's parents.
• endogamy Cultural norms prescribing that people
  marry within their own social group or category.

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• homogamy The pattern of individuals marrying
  those who have similar characteristics, such as
  race/ethnicity, religious background, age,
  education, or social class.
• exogamyRefers to cultural norms prescribing that
  people marry outside their own social group or
  category. 

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• cohabitation Refers to a couple who live
  together without being legally married.
• domestic partnershipsHousehold partnerships in
  which an unmarried couple lives together in a
  committed sexually intimate relationship and is
  granted the same benefits as those accorded to
  married heterosexual couples.

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• dual-earner marriages Marriages in which both
  spouses are in the labor force.
• second shift The domestic work that employed
  women perform at home after they complete their
  workday on the job.