Reading Quiz

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Reading Quiz

• 1. Why was contact with the Toltec people
  important?
• 2. What did Aztecs do with cities they conquered?
• 3. What did the Aztec do w/ prisoners of War?
• 4. How many people lived in Tenochtitlan?
• 5. Chinampas-
• 6. T/F Tenochtitlan was largest city in world at
  the time.

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The Splendor of ancient Mexico and Peru
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Aztec

• AD 900 Toltecs come to power in central Mexico.
• The Aztecs (Mexicans) arrived about 1300 from the
  North.
• Obsidian- green/black volcanic glass- for
  spears/arrows
• Built city-state on small island in Lake Texcoco
  in Valley of Mexico

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Aztec Throne
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Aztec

• Tenochtitlan- 200,000-400,000 people, larger than
  any European city. Streets and canals led to the
  city center- pyramid dedicated to the sun god
• Chinampas- floating garden- very productive
• Empire covered 80,000 square miles and stretched
  from the Atlantic/Pacific- 5-15 million people

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Aztec

• Ruler had absolute power. Nobles were military
  leaders, priests, govt officials. They had vast
  estates. Commoners were soldiers, merchants,
  farmers. Slaves were the lowest class.
• Aztec calendar based on Maya calendar- 18 months,
  20 days each.
• Aztecs practiced human sacrifice. Sun god had to
  battle evil every night to bring the day back-
  required human blood. Thousands had their hearts
  cut out each year.

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Tlaloc- Rain God
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Inca
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• Inca means Children of the Sun
• The Inca empire stretched 2,500 miles over what
  is today Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile. The
  capital was Cuzco, in Peru
• They built complex irrigation systems that
  channeled mountain streams to dry lowlands. Also
  terraced mountain sides.

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• The road system allowed the Inca to send messages
  across the Empire. Chasquis, or runners, were
  stationed every 3 miles to relay messages. 200
  miles/day
• Sometimes Chasquis carried quipus knotted
  strings that kept records and accounts.
• The Incan social system was called Ayllu- a form
  of community cooperation that did jobs too big
  for a single family

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• Inca demanded tribute from conquered peoples
  called mita- labor for the state. Everyone was
  required to work for the state a certain number
  of days per year. In return, the state cared for
  the old and disabled, and made sure people did
  not starve when there were bad harvests.- state
  socialism
• Incans built walls from carved stone blocks that
  fit together so well a piece of paper could not
  fit between them. They survive frequent
  earthquakes

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