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Title: PowerPoint Author: Yuzo NAKAMURA Last modified by: Created Date: 5/6/2003 6:00:54 AM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: nakamura@mech.kagoshima-u.ac.jp


1
???????? X??????? ???? ??16?4?28? ????????X????
?? ????? ???? ?? 8261 nakamura_at_mech.kagoshim
a-u.ac.jp http//www.mech.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/naka
mura/
2
???????????????????(?) (??) ?1?
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??(???????????)???????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? (??) ?2?
????????????????????????????????????? 2
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3
(?????????????) ?3? ??????????????????????????????
??????1???????? 2 ????????????????????????????????
???????????????????3?????1.3??????????????????????
?
(??????????) ?5? ?????????????????????????????????
?????(?????????????)????
(??????????) ?6? ?????????????????????????????????
??????????????????1???????????????
4
(??????) ?12? ????????????????????????????????????
????? 2 ??????????????????????????????????????????
????? 3 ????????????????????? (????????) ?13?
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????? (1)?????????????????
???? (2) ??????????????????????????????????????? (
3)???????????????????? (4)????????????????????????
???????
5
(????) ?18? ??????????????????????????????????????
?????????? 2 ????????????????????????? (1)????????
???? (2)????????????? (3)?????????????????? (4)???
? 3 ??????????????????????????????????????????????
??1?????????????? 4 ?????????????2????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????
6
(????) ?18? ????????????X?????????????????????????
??????? 2 ????????????????????????? (1)???????????
? (2)X???????????? (3)X?????????????? (4)???? 3
???????????X????????????????????????????????????1?
????????????? 4 ?????????????2????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??
7
???????????
???????
??????(W)
???
??V?????? ????
????V
??X?
???????(1?3 nm)
??X?(K?)
????(10 nm)
?? i
????(1?2 mm)
??X?(L?)
?????????(5 mm)
?(???? V 20 kV???)
8
X?????? 1. ??X?(??X?)
????
????
M
K
L
???
Mg??
9
X?????? 1. ??X?(??X?)
????
M
K
L
???
Mg??
??X? (??X????X?)
10
X?????? 1. ??X?(??X?)
????
????
M
K
L
???
Mg??
11
X?????? 1. ??X?(??X?)
??????????
??(eV)
e ????? V ????
?)30 kV????? ????????X? ???? lmin 0.41 nm
??X??????
h ?????? c ??
????????????kV.
12
X?????? 2. ??X?
????
????
K
L
???
M
Mg??
13
X?????? 2. ??X?
????
2???
K
L
???
M
Mg??
14
X?????? 2. ??X?
????
K
L
???
M
Mg??
15
X?????? 2. ??X?
????
??X? (Ka?)
K
L
???
M
Mg??
16
X?????? 2. ??X?
K?(Ka?)
K?????????????EK L?????????????EL
????????????????DEK
??X????lK
h ?????? c ??
?Kß? ??????K??M?????????????????????X?????
????Ka?????????(????????)?
17
X???????
Mo
??
K?
??X?
25 kV
K?
20 kV
??X?
15 kV
10 kV
lmin
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
??l?????
18
X??
??X????
A ?? m ??(2) i ??? V ??? Z ???????? ????
?? i
19
X??????
A???????X??B???????X???????????????PBQ???l????????
???? ?????????X???????
???????
n 1,2,
20
X?????
????? ????? ?????? (???????????????????????????
) ?????????? ?????? ??
??X?
21
X??? (XRD)???????
22
X?(??)?????????
????
??X?
K
L
M
???
Mg??
23
X?(??)?????????
????
??X?
???
???? ???? ??
K
L
M
???
Mg???
24
X?(??)?????????
???????
??X?
??X?
????
???? ???? ??
K
L
M
???
Mg???
25
X?(??)?????????
?????
K
L
M
???
??X? (1.02MeV??)
Mg??
26
X?(??)?????????
?????
???(0.51 MeV??)
K
L
M
???
??X? (1.02MeV??)
Mg??
??(0.51 MeV??)
27
X?(??)?????????
m ????
??X?
??????X? ???????
??X?
?? Io
??????X? ???????
??
x
28
??(X?)????????????
???????X????
?? ??
????
????
?????
m mphoto (????) mCompt
(???????) mpair (?????)
???????
????????
29
??(X?)????????????
?????? (Z13)
? (Z26)
http//physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/XrayMassCoef/c
over.html????
30
??(X?)????????????
?????? m?/r
X??????? E 10 keV ?????? ????
I/Io (cm2/g) (/cm) 0.1 mm 1 mm
5 mm Al 26.2 70.8 0.50
8.410-4 4.210-16 (r 2.7 g/cm3) Fe
170.6 1343 1.510-6 4.610-59 - (r
7.87 g/cm3) E 40 keV Al 0.5685
1.58 0.98 0.85 0.45
Fe 3.629 28.6 0.75
0.057 6.210-7 Pb 14.36
163 0.20 8.410-4
4.110-36 (Z 82, r 11.35 g/cm3)
31
X??????(XPS)???
????
???
E hn - EK
??X? ????? hn??hc/l
K
L
M
???
??????? ????????? ??????
Mg???
???????????? (???????)
32
(No Transcript)
33
?????1
a??b??g?(X?)??????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????? ??????????
??????????????????
(1) ???? ?????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????35 eV????????4 MeV?a?????105??????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????
34
?????2
(2) ????????? ????Si???????Ge?????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????????????
(3) ?? ???????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????
35
?????3
(4) ???? ?????????????????????????????????????AgC
l????????????????????Ag??????????????????????????
??
(5) ???? ?????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
36
???
37
?????
???????
38
GM???
1???????????????????????108?!
39
????????????????
??????????????????5??????10?????????????510
107???????????
40
????????????
3 eV
41
pn????????????
42
????????1
???? ????????1kg?????1J???????????????1Gy(???)????

??????????(???? ) ??????1 kg??????????????????????
??????Gy????? 1 Gy 2.97 x 10-2 C/kg
??(????) ?????????????????(??)????????????????????
????????(X???1????????????10???????????????20?)
???????????????
43
????????2
????(??????) ?????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????Sv(????
?)?????????
????(??????) ?????????????????????????????????????
???(???????????)???????????????????????Sv(?????)??
??
44
(No Transcript)
45
JCO????(1999?9?30?)
JCO (???????????) 3?????????(18.8)????????16kg??
????????????????????? 2??? ??? 17Sv 10 Sv 8SV
46
http//www.rerf.or.jp/nihongo/radefx/dosereco/dose
esti.htm????
47
????????????1
  • ????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • 2) ????????????????????????????????????
  • 3) ????????????????(DNA?RNA?????)??????????
  • 4) ?????????????????????????????????????????
  • 5) ???????????????????????????????????????

48
????????????2
????????? 1 ???? ????????(DNA??)?????? ??????????
?(??)????? ??????? 2 ???? ??????????????????????
?(???H?OH??)???(H2O2)??????????????????????????
49
????????????3
????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
?????????
?? ?????????????????????
??????????????? ?????????????????????
50
????????????4
??????????
???? ??????????????? ??????(0.20
Sv??) ??? ???(?? 10 Sv??)
??????? ??????????(100 Sv) ?????????????
?????(?????)???????? ???????
???????????????
51
??????????
???????? ????(?4?) lt500 mSv/5? lt50 mSv/1?
?????? lt5 mSv/3?? ????(?5?) lt150
mSv/?(?????) lt500 mSv/?(??) ?????(?6?) ????
???? lt 1 mSv ??????? ???? lt 2 mSv
52
??????????
  • ???(??????????????)
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????(????????????)???????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????????????
  • 2 ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????
  • 1)??????????100mSv
  • 2)???????????????????300mSv
  • 3)????????????????1Sv
  • 3 ????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????

53
X????? 1)X??????????????????????????????????
????GM???????????????????? ?????????? 2)X???
???????????????????? ??????
???????(???????) ????X???????????????????????????
GM?????????????????????????? X????????????????????
??????????????????????
54
?????? 1)X????????????????????????????????????
???? ????????????? ????????
????????????????? 2)???????2?????????????????????
???????????? 3)??????????????????????????????????
????? 4)X???????????????????????????????????????
???????????
55
?????????? 1)????????????????????????????X???????
???????????????? 2)??????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????X???????????????????? 3
)?????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????(????)?
56
?????? 1)X??????????????(??)?????????????????????
??????????????????? 2)?????????X????????????????X
?????????????X???????????????????X????????????????
????X?????????????????????????????????????????????
????????? 3)????X????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????
57
??????? ?????????X???????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????? 1)??????????????
???1?????????????????1????????????????? 2)???????
???????????????????????????????3???????????1??????
?????? 3)??????????????????????????????????????
4)???????????????????????????? 5)????????????????
???????X???????????????????? 6)??????????????????
?????????????? 7)???????????????????????????
58
???????????
?????(/mm3) ????? ???? 6000-7000 ????
20-25 ???? ? 500104 ?? 5 ?
450104 ???? 100 ??? (17mg/dl) ???
60-70 ??? 0.5-2 ???? 0.5 ????
30-50104 ?????? 0.5 (????)
59
????????? (1)?????? (2)??????????
(3)??????????
60
X?????
????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? (?????????????????
??????????) ?????????? ?????????
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