Medical Terminology

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Medical Terminology

• Health Science Technology

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Objectives

• Identify basic medical abbreviations selected
  from a standard list
• Define prefixes, suffixes and word roots selected
  from a list of words
• Spell and pronounce medical terms correctly

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Word Parts

• Word roots
• Suffixes
• Prefixes
• Combining vowels

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Word Root

• A word root is the word part that is the core of
  the word
• Contains the fundamental meaning of the word and
  explains what part of the body is being talked
  about
• Examples
• Neur/o nerves
• Hepat/o liver
• Arthr/o joint

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Word Root

• Because the word root contains the fundamental
  meaning of the word, each medical term contains
  one or more word roots.

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Suffix

• A word part attached to the end of the word root
  to modify its meaning indicates the procedure,
  disease, or condition
• Examples
• -itis inflammation
• algia pain
• ic pertaining to
• ous pertaining to

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Prefix

• A word part attached to the beginning of a word
  root to modify its meaning usually indicates
  location, time, or number. Not all words have
  prefixes.
• Examples
• Sub under or below
• Poly many
• Post after
• Intra within
• Peri surround or protect
• Pre before

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Combining Vowel

• Combining vowel is a word part, usually an O, and
  is used
• Between two word roots
• It is NOT used when a suffix begins with a vowel
• -IS used when a suffix begins with a consonant

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Combining Form

• A word root with the combing vowel attached,
  separated by a vertical slash
• Arthr/o joint
• Oste/o bone
• ven/o vein

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Defining Medical Terms

• Begin by defining the suffix, then move to the
  beginning of the term to complete the definition
  (does not apply to all medical terms)

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Putting Medical Terms Together

• Polyneur/oitis Polyneuritis
• Inflammation of many nerves
• Arthr/oitis Arthritis
• Inflammation of the joint
• Hepat/oitis Hepatitis
• Inflammation of the liver
• SubHepat/oic Subhepatic
• Pertaining to under the liver

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Medical Terms

• Intraven/oous Intravenous
• Pertaining to within the vein
• Arthr/opathy Arthropathy
• Condition of disease of the joint
• Oste/oitis Osteitis
• Inflammation of the bone

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Word Roots Indicating Color

• Cyan/o blue
• -sis state of or condition
• cyanosis
• Erythr/o red
• Cytecell
• erythrocytes
• Leuk/o white
• Leukocytes

• Melan/o black
• Melanosis
• polio/ogray matter
• myel/ospinal cord or bone marrow
• -itis inflammation
• Poliomyelitis

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Suffixes Related to Procedures

• -centesis
• Surgical puncture to remove fluid
• -ectomy
• Surgical removal
• -graphy
• Process of recording a picture or record
• -gram
• Record or picture
• -plasty
• Surgical repair
• -scopy
• Visual examination

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The Double RRs

• -rrhage and rrhagia
• Mean bursting forth, an abnormal excessive fluid
  discharge or bleeding
• Ex Hem/orrhage hemorrhage
• - means the loss of a large amount of blood in a
  short time