Take Five

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Take Five

• What is culture? Give an example.
• What is the difference between culture society
  or ethnicity?

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Unit 1

• Chp 4 Human Geography People Places

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The elements of culture

• Culture the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors
  shared by a group of people and passed on to
  another generation
• Society a group that shares a geographic region,
  sense of identity and culture
• Ethnic group a group of people that have common
  language, customs heritage

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How can a culture be shared or spread?

• Innovationstaking resources or other
  technologies and turning it into something new
• Diffusionspread of ideas and inventions
• Cultural hearthsite where innovative technique
  emerged
• Acculturationwhen a society changes when it
  adopts an innovation from another society

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Wally Points

• What is an example of diffusion today?
• What is an example of acculturation today?

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Languages

• Languages help to identify a group of people in a
  culture
• There are 3,000-6,500 language spoken world wide
• All languages have been categorized into
  different language families
• Versions of languages are known as dialects

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Language Families
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Take Five

• (1-2)Using the graph of pg 74 answer the skill
  builder questions.
• (3) Name 5 different dialects.

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The Role of Religion in Culture

• Religion is defined as a belief in a supernatural
  power or powers that are regarded as the creators
  and maintainers of the universe
• Monotheisticbelief in 1 god
• Polytheisticbelief in many gods
• Animisticbelief in nature gods (sun, moon, river
  etc)

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Major World Religions

• Judaismthe oldest monotheistic religion,
  established approx. 3,200 years ago, beliefs are
  written in the Torah
• Christianityevolved from the teachings of
  Judaism around 2,000 years ago. Based on the
  teachings of Jesus Christ and spread through
  disciples (followers of Christ) and missionaries.
  Beliefs are written in the Bible. Worship 1 God.
• IslamBased on the teachings of the Prophet
  Muhammad. Began around 613 AD. Monotheistic and
  worship Allah. Beliefs written in the Koran
  (Quran)divisions Sunni Shiite
• Hinduism--

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Religions of the World
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World Religions

• Christianity 2 billion
• Islam 1.3 billion
• Hinduism 900 million
• Secular/Nonreligious/Agnostic/Atheist 850
  million
• Buddhism 360 million
• Chinese traditional religion 225 million
• primal-indigenous 150 million
• African Traditional Diaspora 95 million
• Sikhism 23 million
• Juche 19 million
• Spiritism 14 million
• Judaism 14 million
• Baha'i 6 million
• Jainism 4 million
• Shinto 4 million
• Cao Dai 3 million
• Tenrikyo 2.4 million
• Neo-Paganism 1 million
• Unitarian-Universalism 800 thousand

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Populations of the World
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Section 2 Population Geography

• Population geographers study birth rates,
  fertility rates, mortality rates,
  infant-mortality rates, and other statistics
• In order to replace the current rates of
  population, our fertility rates would need to be
  2.1today the average rate is 3.0

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Wally Points

• What factors have caused our population to reach
  over 6 billion?
• In 2000, which areas had the highest and lowest
  birth rates? P 78
• How is the rate of natural increase determined? P
  79

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Population Pyramid
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Population Distribution

• 2/3s of the worlds population live between 200
  N and 600N
• ½ are living in rural areas
• Push-pull factors
• Reasons why people leave one area in favor of
  another
• There are 2 megacities
• Tokyo 28 million people
• Population densityestimated 80 will live in
  urban areas by 2080

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Tokyo
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Wally Points

• Are more skyscrapers the answer for megacities?
  Why or why not?
• What about natural disasters?

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Section 3 Political geography

• State-an area (country)
• that governs its own internal
• and external affairs
• independent of another
• Nation-a group of people with a common culture
  living in a territory and having a strong sense
  of unity
• Nation-state-a country and group occupy the same
  territory
• Stateless nation-when a group of people do not
  have a territory

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Types of Government

• Democracy
• Monarchy
• Theocracy
• Dictatorship
• Socialism
• Communism

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Geographic Characteristics of a Nation

• Size, shape and relative location
• National boundariesbased on physical land
  features
• Landlocked countries
• Artificial boundarieslines of latitude and
  longitude, but basically invisible

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Section 4 Urban Geographythe study of how
people use space in cities

• Cities, metropolitan areas, suburbs
• Geographers study land use patterns (i.e.
  residential, industrial or commercial)
• Trend towards urbanization
• Shopping, entertainment, government facilities,
  cultural events, public parks
• Mass transit trains, trolleys, buses, taxi,
  subways etc
• Problems

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Not so far fetched skyscraper farms cities
within skyscrapers
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Section 5 Economic Geography-production and
exchange of goods and services among a group of
people

• Types of economic systems
• Traditional economybarter system
• Command economy-economy determined by the central
  government
• Market economy-free enterprisecapitalism
• Mixed economy-combination of command and market

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Wally Points

• Which of the following levels of economic
  activity most closely describes the US economy?
• Primary activities-the gathering of raw materials
• Secondary activities-manufacturing of raw
  materials into a finished product
• Tertiary activities-providing business or
  professional services
• Quaternary activities-provide information,
  management and research services

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Natural Resources

• Renewable-can be replaced through natural
  processes
• Non-renewable-cannot be replaced or very slow to
  replace
• Inexhaustible energy sources-sun, geothermal
  heat, winds and tides

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What does GNP refer to?

• Per capita incomeaverage amount of money earned
  by each person in a political unit
• Gross National Producttotal value of goods and
  services produced by a country in a year
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product)goods and services
  produced within a country in a year

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• Georgia places ranked by per capita income
• Skidaway Island, Georgia 63,851
• Vernonburg, Georgia 49,391
• Daisy, Georgia 47,166
• Sandy Springs, Georgia 45,494
• Vinings, Georgia 45,068
• Dunwoody, Georgia 43,523
• Berkeley Lake, Georgia 43,439
• Avondale Estates, Georgia 42,605
• Woolsey, Georgia 42,177
• Alpharetta, Georgia 39,432

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World GDP

• 1United States 14,264,600
• 2 Japan 4,923,761
• 3 People's Republic of China 4,401,614
• 4 Germany 3,667,513
• 5 France 2,865,737
• 6 United Kingdom 2,674,085
• 7 Italy 2,313,893
• 8 Russia 1,676,586
• 9 Spain 1,611,767
• 10 Brazil 1,572,839