Warm Up

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Warm Up

• Review
• 1. Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?
• 2. How did he gain power in France?
• 3. What mistake did he make with the Russians?
• 4. How did Europe respond to him?
• 5. Why is he significant in European history?
• Turn to p. 163 in your manual and fill in the
  blanks on p. 162 as a review.

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Napoleon
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1. Rise of Napoleon

• Born 1769 in Corsica
• (island off coast of France and Italy)
• Military success
• Commander by age 26
• Won in Italy w/ speed, deception, surprise
• Absolutely loved by soldiers
• Defeated in Egypt by British, returned to France
• Coup detat in 1799
• new govt called Consulate
• Wanted all power himself
• 1804- crowned himself Emperor Napoleon I

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Napoleon Crowned Emperor
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Napoleons Domestic Policies

• 1801 agreement w/pope
• Catholicism main religion in France
• French govt kept Church lands seized in
  Revolution
• Napoleonic Code
• All citizens equal before law
• Representative govt, Napoleon chosen by
  plebiscite (the people voted on him)
• Property rights protected, unions/strikes illegal
• Women less equal than men
• Meritocracy gain position based on ability not
  birth
• Liberty replaced by despotism

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Napoleons Empire, 1803-1812

• 3 main parts
• French Empire France to the Rhine River and
  western Italy
• Dependent States kingdoms under rule of
  Napoleons relatives
• Allied States kingdoms defeated by Napoleon and
  forced to fight with him
• Spread Revolution ideas of equality, religious
  toleration, economic freedom
• Napoleon

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European Response

• Great Britain
• Naval supremacy Battle of Trafalgar 1805 led by
  Admiral Nelson
• In response, Napoleon started Continental System
  
• Europe forced to boycott British goods
• Actually good for Britain b/c they traded w/
  other continents and colonies while using navy to
  keep Napoleon stuck in Europe
• Nationalism unique cultural identity of a
  people based on common language, history,
  national symbols, wanted own govt
• hatred of French rule formed national feeling of
  solidarity
• Countries saw what nationalism gained for France
  and wanted that too

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Continental System
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The Fall of Napoleon

• Russian Campaign 1812 started 600,000 soldiers
• Russian army retreated, burned land as left, no
  food/supplies for French soldiers
• Moscow burned, still no supplies
• The Great Retreat French left Moscow in freezing
  conditions, no food, no warm clothes
• b/c of lack of food, cold, and disease less than
  90,000 of original army made it out of Russia
• Russian Army followed French back to Paris,
  captured Napoleon

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The End for Napoleon

• Exiled to Elba (island near Italy), Louis XVIII
  restored to throne
• Escaped and returned to Paris March 1815
• Ruled for Hundred Days
• European countries allied against Napoleon
• Battle of Waterloo June 1815 Napoleon defeated by
  Duke of Wellington
• Napoleon sent to St. Helena, an island in
  Atlantic Ocean 1200 miles from land where he died

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Battle of Waterloo
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Napoleon Reformer or Dictator ?

• With a partner
• read Napoleons words on p. 163- 165 and record
  whether you think he was a
• reformer or dictator.
• Be sure to answer all questions.
• You have 20 minutes.

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Warm Up

• Turn to p. 166 in your manual and complete the
  questions on Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna.

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Congress of Vienna
What happened during Napoleons downfall
People/Country
Accomplishments
Congress of Vienna
Goals
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Congress of Vienna

• Gathering of European officials during Napoleons
  1st exile
• to restore order and stability
• Led by Klemens von Metternich of Austria
• Followed conservative (tradition, no change)
  policy
• Distrusted liberal (favoring Enlightenment ideas)
  policy
• Put monarchs back on thrones in France, Spain,
  kingdoms in Italy, etc.
• Principle of Intervention states/countries
  could invade another state/country where a
  revolution happened to restore order (Britain
  disagreed)

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I added a woman
1. YOU are at the Congress of Vienna. 2. YOU have
the ability to make changes to Europe now that
Napoleon has been conquered. 3. Create a
PROPOSAL FOR CHANGE with at least 3 items to
help Europe (you can use conservative or liberal
ideals). Explain and justify(revert back to
traditional standards or use those of the
Enlightenment)!!!!!!!