Figure 20.3b Page 329

1
Figure 20.3bPage 329
electrodes
to vacuum pump
spark discharge
CH4 NH3 H2O H2
gases
water out
condenser
water in
water droplets
water containing organic compounds
boiling water
liquid water in trap
2
Stepped ArtFigure 20.4Page 330
3
Stepped ArtFigure 20.5dPage 331
4
Figure 20.6 (1)Page 332
Archaebacterial Lineage
Ancestors Of Eukaryotes
Noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis
Cyclic pathway of photosynthesis
Origin of Prokaryotes
Aerobic respiration
Eubacterial Lineage
3.8
3.2
2.5
billion years ago
5
Figure 20.6 (2)Page 333
ARCHAEBACTERIA
Extreme halophiles
Methanogens
Extreme thermophiles
EUKARYOTES
Origins of animals
Origins of eukaryotes
Animals
Heterotrophic protistans
origin of mitosis, meiosis
Origins of fungi
Fungi
Photosynthetic protistans
Endosymbiotic origins of mitochondria
Plants
Origins of plants
Endosymbiotic origins of chloroplasts
EUBACTERIA
Oxygen-producing photosynthetic eubacteria
Other photosynthetic eubacteria
Heterotrophic and chemoautotropic eubacteria
1.2 bya
900 mya
435 mya
present
6
Figure 20.10Page 335
DNA
infolding of plasma membrane
7
In-text figurePage 336
Gondwana
8
In-text figurePage 337
Tethys sea
Pangea
9
In-text figurePage 338
10
Figure 20.14Page 338
250
200
angiosperms
150
number of genera
100
ferns
cycads
50
conifers
ginkgo
other genera
0
160
140
120
100
80
60
millions of years ago
11
In-text figurePage 340
12
Stepped ArtFig. 20.18 (1)Page 342
13
Stepped ArtFig. 20.18 (2)Page 342