Ch 15

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Ch 15 Immigration Cities
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A. Opportunity

• The Golden Door USA opportunity, chance of
  new life, freedoms
• Europeans First came English, French, Irish,
  Germans, etc. Later came Italians, Russians,
  Jews, etc.
• Asians Chinese, Japanese, etc.
• West Indies Jamaicans, Cubans, etc.
• Mexico

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B. Journey

• Nearly all immigrants came
• By boat across ocean
• Ticket was expensive, especially for families
• Steerage bottom, storage area of boats
• -Immigrants get a cheap ride here
• -Crowded conditions, disease, no
• privacy

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C. Entry

• Ellis Island check-in station into NYC
• Angel Island check-in station into SF
• Doctor exams (sick sent back home)
• Document check, Background check
• Names often changed
• (Wise Wiszniewski)
• (Brown they wore a brown suit)

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D. Settlement

• Ghettoes neighborhoods of the same
  language/customs
• (Ex Little Italy, Spanish Harlem, Chinatown)
• City Conditions
• Housing
• Tenements cheap, crowded apartments where
  immigrants lived

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• Transportation
• Mass Transit subways, buses, trains,
  streetcars
• Water
• Early 1800s wells (disease a problem)
• Late 1800s pipes, filters, chlorine
• Sanitation
• Early 1800s dump garbage in streets
• Late 1800s sewers, garbagemen

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• Crime 1st police dept. was in Boston 1844
• Fire - constant risk, houses are so close
• - fire depts. Created

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E. Reactions

• Nativism anti-immigrant attitudes
• Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
• No Chinese can come (until 1943)
• Gentlemens Agreement (1907-1908)
• No unskilled Japanese workers

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F. Helping Hands

• Social Gospel Movement movement to help the
  poor and needy
• Jane Addams - 1 female reformer, she created..
• Settlement Houses community centers in city
  slums to help immigrants
• (day care, jobs, soup kitchen, etc.)