Reading the Periodic Table

1
Reading the Periodic Table
2
A way of organizing classifying elements
according to their PROPERTIES

• Arranged in rows and columns

3
Columns

• The vertical (up and down) columns of the
  periodic table (there are 18) are called groups
  or families.
• Elements in the same group or family have similar
  characteristics or properties.

4
Rows

• The horizontal rows of the periodic table are
  called periods.
• Elements in a period are not alike in properties.
  
• The first element in a period is usually an
  active solid, and the last element in a period is
  always an inactive gas.

5
Rows

• Atomic size (number of protons) decreases from
  left to right across a period.
• Atomic mass (number of protons) increases from
  left to right across a period.

6
Rows

• Electrons are added one at a time moving from
  left to right across a period
• The electrons of the outermost shell have
  increasingly strong nuclear attraction, so the
  electrons become closer to the nucleus
• Ionization energy increases
• Electronegativity increases

7
Quick Review of electron shells
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in
an atom.
8
Rows

• Metals are on the left
• Non-metals are on the right