BLOOD VESSEL NOTES

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BLOOD VESSEL NOTES
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VASCULAR SYSTEM

• Take blood to tissues and back
• Arteries carries blood away from heart
• Arterioles small arteries
• found between arteries and capillaries

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• Capillaries smallest of blood vessels and sites
  of gas exchange between blood and tissue cells
• connects arterioles and venules

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• Venules small veins
• Connects capillaries and veins
• Veins return blood toward heart

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BLOOD VESSEL ANATOMY

• Tunica (layer) intima
• Endothelium (inner lining of blood vessels)
• Tunica media
• Middle, smooth muscle layer controls
  (sympathetic nervous system) diameter of blood
  vessel

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• Tunic externa
• Outermost, fibrous connective tissue

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BLOOD VESSEL TYPES

• Arteries
• Thickest layer carry high pressure blood
• Blood pumped by force of heart

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• Veins
• Lumens (space inside of blood vessels) of veins
  are larger
• Use milking action of muscles to help move
  blood

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• Capillaries
• Only one cell thick
• Gas exchange between blood and tissue

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• Capillary beds (interweaving network of
  capillaries) consist of two types of vessels
• Vascular shunt directly connects an arteriole
  to a venule
• True capillaries gas exchange by diffusion
  (high to low concentration)

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