Phases and Changes

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Phases and Changes
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Matter

• Substance

Mixture
Element one type of atom
Homogenous uniform solutions
Heterogeneous separate pieces can be observed
Compound ionicly bonded atoms
Molecule covalently bonded atoms
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Phases

• There are three main phases
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas

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Solid Phase

• Least amount of energy
• Atoms are vibrating in place
• Constant volume
• Constant shape

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Liquid Phase

• Atoms are sliding across one another
• Constant volume
• No constant shape

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Gas Phase

• Most energy is present
• No constant volume
• No constant shape

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Changes in Phase
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Physical Property

• Observations that can be made without changing
  any of the atoms in a substance

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Physical Change

• When matter changes in an observable way, but
  its chemical structure does not change
• Ex. A solid becoming a liquid, mixtures

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Chemical Property

• The bonding and chemical structure of a substance

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Chemical Change

• When the actual atoms, molecules, or compounds
  are changed
• Ex. Chlorine and Sodium form an ionic bond,
  substances

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Law of Conservation of Matter

• In physical and chemical changes, no matter is
  created or destroyed
• You will always have the same number of protons,
  electrons, and neutrons at the beginning of a
  change and at the end of the change