PERSUASIVE RHETORIC

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PERSUASIVE RHETORIC
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RHETORIC

• Is the art of communicating ideas

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PERSUASIVE RHETORIC

• Consists of reasoned arguments in favor of or
  against particular beliefs or courses of action

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BE PERSUASIVE!

• To be effectively persuasive, a work generally
  has to engage both the mind and the emotions of
  the audience, making them think that the problem
  the work deals with is important enough for them
  to care about how it is resolved.
• Also, the writer needs to show that his or her
  position is rational and has a firm moral basis.

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LOGICAL APPEALS

• Provide rational arguments to support writers
  claims and are supported with objective evidence.

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DEDUCTIVE REASONING

• A writer can develop an argument deductively, by
  beginning with a generalization, or premise, and
  proceeding to marshal examples and facts that
  support it.

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INDUCTIVE REASONING

• Or a writer can begin with examples or facts and
  proceed to draw a conclusion from them.

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EMOTIONAL APPEALS

• Are often based on specific examples of suffering
  or potential threats.
• Emotional appeals can also include loaded
  language language that is rich in connotations
  and vivid images.

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ETHICAL APPEALS

• Are based on shared moral values and call forth
  the audiences sense of right, justice, and
  virtue.

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PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUES

• Elevated Language
• Rhetorical Questions
• Repetition
• Parallelism

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Elevated Language

• Formal words and phrases can lend a serious tone
  to a discussion.

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Rhetorical Questions

• Questions that dont require answers.
• Writers pose rhetorical questions to show that
  their arguments make the answers obvious.

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Repetition

• Repeating a point tells the audience that it is
  especially important repeating a form of
  expression tells the audiences that the ideas
  expressed in the same way are related.

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Parallelism

• Is a form of repetition.
• The writer uses similar grammatical forms or
  sentence patterns to express ideas of equal
  importance.

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TO BE AN EFFECTIVE PERSUASIVE WRITER

• Clearly state the issue and a position.
• Give an opinion and support it with facts.
• Take opposing views into account.
• Use sound logic and effective language.
• Conclude by summing up reasons or calling for
  action.

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STRATEGIES FOR READING PERSUASIVE RHETORIC

• Identify the problem that is addressed and the
  solution that is proposed.
• Analyze the writers presentation of his or her
  argument. What rhetorical tools does the writer
  use?
• Analyze the evidence used to support the
  argument. What facts support the writers
  opinions?

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STRATEGIES FOR READING PERSUASIVE RHETORIC

• Consider how the writer appeals to logic,
  emotions, and ethics of the audience.
• Evaluate the credibility of the writer. What
  motivations lie behind each work?

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• Pg. 260-261 The Language of Literature