Isotonic%20solutions:

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Isotonic solutions

• if the osmotic concentrations of both solutions
  are equal than no net movement of water occurs

• Examples include most interstitial fluid and most
  intravenous solutions

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• Hypertonic solution the solution has more
  dissolved particles, salts, sugar, etc., than is
  in the cells, so cells will shrivel up or shrink
  as water moves out of the cell

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• If red blood cells are exposed to a hypertonic
  solution- a solution that contains more solutes,
  or dissolved substances, than there are inside
  cells- the cells will shrink, or crenate as water
  moves outside the cell (this is because water is
  in higher concentration inside the cell than
  outside, so it follows its concentration gradient
  and leaves the cell)

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• Crenation is the contraction of a cell after
  exposure to a hypertonic solution, due to the
  loss of water through osmosis

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Crenation
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Would patients ever be given hypertonic
solutions?

• Yes, if they have edema (swelling of the feet and
  hands due to fluid retention)
• Such solutions draw water out of the tissue
  spaces into the bloodstream so that the kidneys
  can eliminate excess fluid

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Hypotonic solution

• Solution has less dissolved particles, salts,
  sugar, etc., than is in the cell cells swell and
  can burst as water enters the cells

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Hypotonic solution

• Distilled water is an example of this type of
  solution (there are no solutes). Water will enter
  cells until they finally burst, or lyse.
• Given intravenously to rehydrate tissues of
  extremely dehydrated patients