Sc.912.e.6.4

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Sc.912.e.6.4

• Analyze how specific geologic processes and
  features are expressed in Florida and elsewhere.

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• Earth Structures - The scientific theory of plate
  tectonics provides the framework for much of
  modern geology. Over geologic time, internal and
  external sources of energy have continuously
  altered the features of Earth by means of both
  constructive and destructive forces. All life,
  including human civilization, is dependent on
  Earth's internal and external energy and material
  resources.
•  

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16.3Shoreline Processes and Features

• Chapter 16 The Dynamic Ocean
• Online Field Trips
• Chapter Quiz
• Study Guide Summary (PowerPoint presentation)
• Web Quest Will I Be Treading Water?
• Web Resources
• Ocean Circulation Links on ocean currents
• Ocean Movement Waves and Tides Links on ocean
  waves
• Beach and Shoreline Processes Links on coastal
  changes
• Animations

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DAY1

• How are sediments along the shoreline moved?
• By which processes do shoreline features form?
• What structures can be built to protect a
  shoreline?
• What is beach nourishment?

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Key Terms

• Wave refraction
• The bending of waves
• Spits
• Elongated ridge of sand
• Tombolos
• Ridge of sand that connects an island to the
  mainland or another island

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Key Terms

• Sandbar
• A ridge formed by ocean currents depositing sand
  near the shore.
• Beach nourishment
• Addition of sand to the beach

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16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
? A beach is the accumulation of sediment found
along the shore of a lake or ocean.
? Waves along the shoreline are constantly
eroding, transporting, and depositing sediment.
Many types of shoreline features can result from
this activity.
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16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
? Wave Impact
The impact of large, high-energy waves against
the shore can be awesome in its violence. Each
breaking wave may hurl thousands of tons of water
against the land, sometimes causing the ground to
tremble.
? Abrasion
Abrasion is the sawing and grinding action of
rock fragments in the water.
Abrasion is probably more intense in the surf
zone than in any other environment.
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16.3 Shoreline Features
CHAPTER
16
CHAPTER HOME
Wind, Waves, and Currents
VOCABULARY
Waves affect the shoreline by eroding and
depositing materials.
beach
sandbar
Sea cliffs, sea caves, sea arches, and sea stacks
result from shoreline erosion.
fjord
SECTION OUTLINE
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Look at this picture
What could have caused this? Why is it so
smooth? What will most likely happen to the trees
on top of this cliff?
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DAY 2

• Fill in the following concept map

Wave Refraction
Causes this in bays
is defined as
causes this on headlands
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16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
? Wave Refraction
Wave refraction is the bending of waves, and
it plays an important part in the shoreline
process.
Because of refraction, wave energy is
concentrated against the sides and ends of
headlands that project into the water, whereas
wave action is weakened in bays.
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Wave Refraction
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• What is wave refraction and what are its effects?

Wave Refraction
Causes this in bays
is defined as
deposition
Bending of waves
causes this on headlands
erosion
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DAY 3 Depositional Features Match term to area
in picture Spits, Bars and Tombolos
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16.3 Shoreline Features
CHAPTER
16
CHAPTER HOME
Wind, Waves, and Currents
VOCABULARY
Waves affect the shoreline by eroding and
depositing materials.
beach
sandbar
Sandbars, spits, baymouth bars, hooks, lagoons,
and barrier islands result from shoreline
deposition.
fjord
SECTION OUTLINE
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Shoreline Processes and Features
? Spits, Bars, and Tombolos
Where longshore currents and other surf zone
currents are active, several features related to
the movement of sediment along the shore may
develop.
- A spit is an elongated ridge of sand that
projects from the land into the mouth of an
adjacent bay.
- A baymouth bar is a sandbar that completely
crosses a bay.
- A tombolo is a ridge of sand that connects an
island to the mainland or to another island.
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Evolution of Shoreline Features
Match term to area in picture Spits, Bars and
Tombolos
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16.3 Shoreline Processes and Features
? Barrier Islands
Barrier islands are narrow sandbars parallel
to, but separate from, the coast at distances
from 3 to 30 kilometers offshore.
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Barrier Islands
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DAY 4

• Create a Venn Diagram for helpful and harmful
  effects of Beach Nourishment

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Shoreline Processes and Features
? Protective Structures
Groins, breakwaters, and seawalls are some
structures built to protect a coast from erosion
or to prevent the movement of sand along a beach.
? Beach Nourishment
Beach nourishment is the addition of large
quantities of sand to the beach system.
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Miami Beach Before and After Beach Nourishment
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Day 4

• FCIM Assessment