Road to Independence

1
Road to Independence

• INDIA

2
Ram Mohun Roy

• Called the father of modern India
• Worked for the British East India Company
• Tries to rid India of the caste system
• Challenged traditional ideas and believed that
  Indians should modernize to escape British
  imperialism
• Was influential in gaining rights for women

3
Sepoy Rebellion/Mutiny

• Sepoys Indian soldiers who fought for the
  British
• Forced by the British to open gunpowder
  cartridges with their mouths greased with pig
  and cow fat
• The sepoys refused since this is against their
  religions (Muslim and Hindu) but the British
  generals said Do it!
• The Sepoys rebelled and fighting took place (more
  like slaughter)
• The British sent in more army and squashed the
  sepoys
• STRIKE 1 against the British who did not care
  about the Indian culture or religion

4
Indian National Congress (I.N.C.)

• Despite being educated in Great Britain and
  learning about nationalism and democracy,
  educated men still second class citizens in India
• Nationalism grew and in 1885 the I.N.C. became
  official to force self-government and to get the
  British out (help their own people)
• Hindus and Muslims come together to fight against
  the British for national independence

5
World War I

• WWI was raging in Europe and Britain needed more
  soldiers
• Made a deal with sepoys of Indiafight with
  Britain, help us win, and we will give you
  self-government
• Indians wanted the British out so badly that
  1million sepoys joined war and helped Britain win
  WWI
• In 1918 when the war was over, sepoys returned to
  India and were still treated horribly
• Britain did not follow through on promiseno
  freedom for India
• STRIKE 2 Indians are getting angrier

6
Amritsar Massacre

• 10,000 Hindus and Muslims went to a festival in
  Amritsar, capital city of Punjab township in 1919
• These people fasted (no food), prayed, and
  listened to political speechestotally PEACEFUL
• The British has passed a law banning public
  meetings so this gathering was breaking the law
• British troops open fire for 10 minutes killing
  400 and wounding 1200 this included men, women,
  and children
• STRIKE 3 millions of Indians now turn on the
  British and demand independence

7
Mohandas K. Gandhi

• Went to school in England and got a law
  degreesaw democracy there and wanted to fight
  all injustice in the world
• He went to South Africa during apartheid to help
  out
• Returned to India and became leader of the
  independence movement after the Amritsar Massacre
• He united all religions against the British and
  had the I.N.C not cooperate with the British
  government but still have the British think they
  are friends in order to get humanitarian
  assistance whenever needed
• He promoted civil disobedience by disobeying
  unfair laws without using violence

8
Gandhi

• Used civil disobedience Disobeying unfair laws
  without violence
• Resisted laws of British
• Hated the Amritsar Massacre
• Boycott of cloth
• 240 mile to Indian Ocean for salt
• Salt mine protest
• Won independence in 1947 new constitution
• Muslim and Hindus fought each other fasting
• Split of India 1947 India is Hindu and Pakistan
  is Muslim
• Killed by own people 1948 (a Hindu)

9
Gandhithe movie

• Ben Kingsley GB Actor

• Real Gandhi

10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)