Disease Notes

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Disease Notes

• Please write information in red and venn diagram
  at the end of the notes.

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Bacterial Disease

• Bacteria can be pathogens (cause disease)
• 2 ways of causing sickness
• 1) Break down cells for food
• Example
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes
  tuberculosis which destroys lung tissue.

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2) Release toxins (poisons) that interfere with
the normal activity of the host - Examples
Streptococcus pyogenes Causes strep throat
releases toxins in the bloodstream which can
cause scarlet fever. Corynebacterium
diphtheriae Causes diptheria and toxins
released into bloodstream destroy tissues can
lead to breathing problems, heart failure,
paralysis, and death.
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The Germ Theory of Disease

• In the mid-nineteenth century, Louis Pasteur and
  Robert Koch concluded that infectious diseases
  were caused by germs (Bacteria and Viruses).
• This idea is now known as the germ theory of
  disease.

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Preventing Bacterial Disease
? Good hygiene

• ? Food Safety
• ? Vaccine- shot of weakened or killed pathogen
• - Prompts the body to produce immunity
• to the disease.

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Treating Bacterial Diseases ? Antibiotics
kills, blocks growth, and reproduction of
bacterial cells ONLY ? Many bacteria have
become resistant to antibiotics - evolution
resulting from stronger bacteria surviving
antibiotic doses - These bacteria are not
easily killed
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Viral Diseases
? Disrupt the bodys equilibrium by invading
cells. ? ARE NOT treatable with antibiotics. ?
Some CAN be prevented with vaccines. - Examples
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome -
attacks destroys helpter T-Cells -
transmitted by contact with bodily fluids
blood
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Common Cold - attacks respiratory passages
sinuses - caused by rhinoviruses,
coronaviruses, the respiratory syncytial virus
(RSV), and many others - transmitted through
contact with contaminated objects or
inhalation of droplets
Influenza (The Flu) - Attacks respiratory
passages - caused by influenza viruses -
transmitted through contact with contaminated
objects or inhalation of droplets
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Smallpox - Attacks lungs then invades
the bloodstream and spreads to the skin,
intestines, lungs, kidneys, and brain -
Caused by variola virus - Transmitted through
contact with contaminated objects or inhalation
of droplets
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Warts - Noncancerous growth on skin
- Caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) -
Contact with warts
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Bacteria vs. Viruses
Please write this down!
Both
Bacteria

• Small

Virus

• Prokaryote

• VERY small

• Smaller than eukaryotes

• Living Cell

• Nonliving

• Disease may be prevented with vaccines

• Used as foods, decomposers, and many others

• Has only genetic information protein coat

• Can cause harm to eukaryotes

• Can be killed by antibiotics

• Simpler than eukaryotes

• Has a capsid

• May have peptidoglycan