Drinking and Driving

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Drinking and DrivingDONT MIX!

• Lesson Objectives
• What influences you?
• - Public Service Announcements

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Lesson Objectives

• The Facts and the Stats
• - BAC
• - Mental and Physical Affects of Alcohol
• - Laws

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Lesson Objectives

• What would you do???
• - If placed in a situation where you had to make
  a decision about driving after drinking (whether
  it be yourself or a friend), what would you do???

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KWL

• What do you know about Alcohol/Drugs in relation
  to driving?

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Alcohol/Drugs Drivers Ed Manuals (101-107)

• What did we learn?

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Alcohols Effect on OnesHealth and Ones Future

• Sometimes people treat you as an adult and at
  other times as a child.
• Learning to cope with this partial independence
  is a natural stage of growing up.
• It is the time when you are very vulnerable to
  peer pressure.
• Understanding how alcohol can destroy your hopes,
  dreams, and ambitions can help you resist
  destructive peer pressure.

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What are the Effects of Alcohol?

• Alcohol is a powerful and dangerous drug it can
  change the way people act, think, and feel.
• The high number of traffic fatalities involving
  young people is the reason why every state has
  passed laws to make it illegal for people under
  21 to buy, possess, or consume alcohol.

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Your Responsibilities Regarding Drinking

• Protect yourself from the threat that drinking
  poses to your health and well-being.
• Protect yourself and others from the risk posed
  by people who drink and drive.
• Dont let friends Drink and Drive.

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• A person with a drinking problem often denies the
  problem, drinks alone, has trouble sleeping, and
  may suffer from memory loss or blackouts.
• Other symptoms can be seen in health problems
  such as (Liver failure, heart disease, cancer,
  brain damage, and malnutrition).
• Alcoholism is a DISEASE. Its consequences are
  devastating, and include loss of friends and
  family, self-esteem, and even loss of life.

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How Does Alcohol Affect Driving Ability?

• Alcohol will decrease your skill and will damage
  you judgment no matter how good of a driver you
  are.
• From the moment alcohol enters your bloodstream,
  you begin to loose your ability to think clearly.
• Even a small amount of alcohol, one drink, causes
  changes in your coordination.

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Facts About Alcohol and Driving
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Facts About Alcohol and Driving

• Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)
• Even one drink of alcohol causes changes in the
  body. Alcohol is not digested, as food is.
  Rather, its absorbed into the bloodstream
  through walls of the stomach and small intestine.
  It is than carried to all parts of the body.
  Alcohol has the greatest effect on the brain
  because that is the organ that controls all body
  functions.

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Are They The Same?

• Beer
• Whiskey
• Wine
• Cooler
• Margarita

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Elimination Rate
BAC
STOPS DRINKING _at_ 1230 am
.20
.16 PEAK _at_ 100
.15
INTOXICATED LEGALLY (.08) _at_ 600 am
.10
.05
IMPAIRED (.05) _at_ 930 am
.00
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9
10
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12
1
16
HRS
1
2
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7
8
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ABSORPTION
ELIMINATION

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Facts About Alcohol and DrivingM.A.D.D.

• In 2006, an estimated 15,827 people died in
  alcohol-related traffic crashesan average of one
  every 33 minutes.
• These deaths constitute 37 percent of the 42,532
  total traffic fatalities.
• Of these, 13,470 involved a driver with an
  illegal BAC (.08 or greater).
• On average someone is killed by a drunk driver
  every 39 minutes.
• About three in every ten Americans will be
  involved in an alcohol-related crash at some time
  in their lives.

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Facts About Alcohol and Driving

• By ages 19 and 20, 70 percent of all drinkers
  engage in heavy drinking, suggesting that the
  majority of young people are at great risk of
  making poor decisions that have significant
  long-term consequences.
• About 91 percent of all drinks consumed by
  teenagers are consumed by those who drink
  heavily.
• Forty percent of deaths for persons aged 15 to 20
  stem from automobile collisions according to the
  CDC.
• The National Highway Traffic Safety
  Administration notes twenty-three percent of
  teenage drivers in fatal car wrecks possessed a
  blood-alcohol level above the legal limit of .08.
  

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Myths and Facts About Alcohol

• Myth Beer is not as intoxicating as hard
  liquor.
• Fact False. A 12 oz beer, 5oz glass of wine,
  1½ ounce shot of 80 proof liquor same amount of
  alcohol.
• Myth You cant get drunk on a full stomach.
• Fact Alcohol is just absorbed in the
  bloodstream more slowly now. All of the alcohol
  will still get into the bloodstream and travel to
  the brain and other parts of your body.

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Myths and Facts About Alcohol

• Myth You must drink because friends want you to
  even though you are the driver.
• Fact Real friends wouldnt want you to hurt
  yourself or others.
• Myth Coffee, cold shower, and a lot of exercise
  can sober you up.
• Fact No way! The body cant burn up much more
  than ½ ounce of alcohol in one hour. Only Time
  can sober you up.

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Myths and Facts About Alcohol

• Myth Alcohol makes you feel better when your
  down in the dumps.
• Fact Not Really. Alcohol is a DEPRESSANT, or
  Downer. It may make a person feel worse than
  before.
• Myth Sometimes, cause of peer pressure at a
  party, there in no other choice but drink.
• Fact You do have a choice. Dont Drink. Think
  of all the dangers and driving statistics related
  to your age group.

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The Physical Effects of Alcohol

• Drinking Drivers 16-19 years old have a higher
  fatal crash probability than any other age group
• People who have little or no driving experience
  have a higher risk of being involved in a fatal
  crash.

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Affects Persons Differently

• Tolerance
• Personality
• Mood
• Experience
• Fatigue
• Medication
• Weight
• Age

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The Physical Effects of Alcohol

• 1.)Reaction Time After 2 or more drinks a
  driver becomes physically slower and less alert.
  In fact, for some people, it may only take one
  drink.
• 2.)Coordination Movements get sloppy and
  uncoordinated. Drivers who have been drinking
  are less able than others to make critical
  decisions. (Trouble steering, miss brake pedal,
  or step on it too late)

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The Physical Effects of Alcohol

• 3.)Distance (Depth Perception) Alcohol affects
  the ability to judge distance, or depth.
  Drinking drivers may perceive something as
  farther away than it really is.
• 4.)Speed Perception Drinking drivers cant tell
  how fast another vehicle is approaching. Such
  drivers have a distorted sense of how fast they
  are going.

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The Physical Effects of Alcohol

• 5.)Vision Alcohol affects the reflex action of
  the eyes that causes the pupils to become smaller
  in bright light and larger as light diminishes.
  Similar to night blindness, drinkers pupils
  dont return to normal size quickly enough once
  headlights have passed.
• Alcohol impairs side, color, and night vision,
  eye focus, and it may lead to double vision.

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Mental Effects of Alcohol

• Alcohol also affects the part of the brain that
  controls the ability to reason.
• Alcohol affects your judgment and can make you
  feel as is you are thinking more clearly than
  usual.
• This can affect drunk drivers because they dont
  have the judgment to realize something is wrong.

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Mental Effects of Alcohol

• Alcohol affects your inhibitions, the elements of
  your personality that stop you from behaving
  without regard to possible consequences.
• In drivers, the loss of inhibition can be very
  dangerous and can cause them to take chances they
  would normally avoid.

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Laws, TestsandPenalties

• for Drinking and Driving

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Implied Consent Law

• If you are arrested for drinking and driving, you
  must comply/agree to take a test to determine BAC
  (Blood Alcohol Concentration).
• This is a law in all 50 states.
• If you refuse, the penalty is equivalent to
  driving with a BAC of 0.10 or higher

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Zero Tolerance Law

• Teenage drivers with any BAC over 0.01 violate
  the 21-year-old minimum drinking age laws.

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Tests for Intoxication

• Chemical analysis of blood or urine
• Breath-Test to determine the percentage of
  alcohol in the breath.
• Field Sobriety Test
• 1.Standing on one leg
• 2.Walking in a straight line
• 3. HGN Reflex

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Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus

• HGN refers to a lateral or horizontal jerking
  when the eye gazes to the side.
• In impaired driving context, alcohol consumption
  hinders the ability of the brain to correctly
  control eye muscles, therefore causing the jerk
  or bounce associated with HGN.

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Penalties and Consequences21 years of age/BAC
.08-.10

• License Suspension
• 250 to 400 fine
• 12 to 48 hours in an Intoxicated Driver Resource
  Center (IDRC) - 75/day
• Possibly up to 30 days imprisonment
• 100 Drunk Driving Fund Fee
• 100 Alcohol Education, Rehabilitation, and
  Enforcement Fund Fee
• 1,000 annual surcharge for 3 years
• 75 Safe Neighborhood Services Fund Fee

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Penalties and Consequencesunder 21 years of
age/BAC gt .01

• License Suspension
• 300 to 500 fine
• 12 to 48 hours in an IDRC - 75/day
• Possibly up to 30 days imprisonment
• 100 DD Fund Fee
• 100 AERE Fund Fee
• 1,000 annual surcharge
• 75 Safe Neighborhood Services Fund

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How Other Drugs Affect Driving Ability

• Alcohol is not the only drug that can impair your
  ability to drive.
• Almost any drug can have an effect on your
  driving skill.
• Drugs side effects differ (ability to make sound
  decisions, change the way you think)
• Synergism The interaction of one drug with
  another to enhance the effect of one or both.
• (i.e. If a person drinks alcohol and takes a
  depressant, the combo could produce an effect on
  the person greater than the individual effects of
  either drug)

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What drugs affect driving ability?

• Over the-Counter Drugs
• Can be purchased legally w/out doctors
  prescription.
• Used for colds, flu, headaches, allergies, etc.
• Read the labels of these products for Warnings.
• It is YOUR RESPONSIBILITY as a driver to know
  what side effects may result from these
  medications.
• Prescription Drugs
• Remember to ask your doctor if you can drive
  safely while you are taking any prescription
  medication.
• Look at your medication for Warning on Bottle.

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What drugs affect driving ability?

• Depressants
• Slow down, or depress the CNS.
• These are used by doctors for patients suffering
  from anxiety, high tension, or high blood
  pressure.
• They slow down a uses mental and physical
  activity.
• They slow down reflexes and have a harmful effect
  on coordination.
• Examples) Alcohol, Methadone, sleeping pills.

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What drugs affect driving ability?

• Stimulants
• Speed up, or stimulate the CNS.
• Some drivers take them to stay away when driving
  long distances.
• Can give user false feeling of well-being and
  make them feel super alert.
• Often cause drivers to take foolish risks.
• When the effects of stimulants wears off, users
  can become very tired quickly.
• Many stimulants are illegal.
• Examples) Amphetamines (Speed), Cocaine.

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Marijuana and Driving

• Marijuana
• After alcohol, marijuana is the most often found
  with drivers in collisions.
• Marijuana can affect drivers in many ways such
  as
• Loss of Tracking Ability Ability to maintain a
  vehicle in a line
• Distance Judgment Following too closely
• Vigilance Not remaining attentive
• Divided Attention Cant remain focused on driving