U.S. Expansion

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U.S. Expansion
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United States Expansion
HG 8.8 I Can ___ Summarize the impact of the
Northwest Ordinance on expansion ___ Identify
the parts of the Northwest Ordinance ___ Explain
the concept of Manifest Destiny ___ Identify
different sections of land acquisition and how
they were acquired ___ Louisiana Purchase ___
Lewis and Clark- Corp of Discovery ___
Florida ___ Texas ___ Oregon ___ Mexican
Lands ___ Analyze American conquest ___ Texas
War of Independence ___ Mexican American War ___
Impact on Native Americans ___ Removal and
Reservations
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The United States in 1783 all land was granted
under the Treaty of Paris
The United States in 1800
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Northwest Ordinance

• First expansion into a territory
• Territory divided into smaller sections (Ohio,
  Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan)
• Could apply for statehood when they reached
  60,000 people
• All rights must be guaranteed in a state
  constitution
• No Slavery is allowed

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Manifest Destiny

• Obvious Fate
• Was Americas right and duty to spread across
  North America
• Our responsibility to bring our great culture
  from sea to shining sea

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What do you see?
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Louisiana Purchase- 1803
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Louisiana Purchase- Situation

• France owns the land from the Mississippi River
  to the Rocky Mountains, including New Orleans.
• Jefferson wants to secure trading on the
  Mississippi River for western farmers. France
  owns the Port city of New Orleans, they could
  close the port to American traders.
• What should Jefferson do?

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What action should the U.S. take?

• A. Offer to buy the city of New Orleans from
  France so that American farmers can export their
  goods from that port.
• B. Threaten to go to war if France does not hand
  over New Orleans.
• C. Offer to buy all of the Louisiana Territory,
  including New Orleans, so that the French are no
  longer a threat to the United States.

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Answer- C

• Jefferson sent James Monroe to France to buy New
  Orleans. Napoleon of France decided he would sell
  the whole territory since he needed the money to
  pay for a war with Britain.
• America signs a treaty that doubles the size of
  the United States for less than 3 cents an acre.
  France is no longer in North America.

• If you choose correctly you can move into the
  Louisiana Territory

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Corp of Discovery- Lewis and Clark

• Purpose- Make friendly contact with Indians, find
  a Northwest Passage, find out what we bought.
• Dangers and Issues- Indians, Nature, River,
  Mountains, Winter, Starvation
• What made it possible? Sacagawea, Indians,
  Leadership

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British Cession 1818

• After Louisiana was purchased the British agreed
  to give the U.S. land in present day Wisconsin
  and make the northern border of the United States
  the 49th parallel. Oregon country would also be
  shared.

British Cession
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Florida - 1819
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Florida- Situation

• Florida was owned by Spain. Slaves in Georgia
  have been escaping and living in Florida.
  Seminole Indians living in Florida have been
  raiding settlers lands.
• In 1818 James Monroe sends Andrew Jackson down to
  stop the Indian raids. He was told not to go into
  Florida. He goes against his orders and leads
  troops into the Spanish colony. He took over
  every Spanish outpost and replaced their governor
  with an American. Spain demanded he be punished.

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What action should the U.S. take?

• A. Use military force to take Florida from Spain
  since Andrew Jacksons invasion proves that
  Spains army is weak.
• B. Apologize to Spain for Jacksons invasion.
  Send troops to patrol the border between Florida
  and the United States to prevent raids by Indians
  and Runaway slaves.
• C. Offer to buy Florida in order to avoid war
  with Spain

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Answer- C

• Govern or Get Out
• President Monroe sent Spain a blunt message. The
  message was either govern Florida properly or
  leave.
• Fearful of war, Spain agreed to yield Florida if
  the U.S. gave them 5 million dollars

• If you choose correctly you can move into the
  Florida Territory

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Texas - 1845
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Texas - Situation

• Americans move into Texas. Texas is a territory
  of Mexico. All American settlers must become
  Mexican citizens, be Catholic and use Spanish in
  official documents.
• The success of Austins colony attracts many
  settlers. These settlers wanted to govern
  themselves, practice their own religion, and
  bring their slaves. Mexico did not allow slavery
• Mexico stops any further American settlement
• American settlers led by Stephen Austin call for
  an independent Texas

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Texas War of Independence

• Mexican General and President, Santa Anna, went
  to crush the rebellion.
• The Alamo- Texans were surrounded by Mexican
  troops at an old Spanish mission- Santa Anna
  kills all of the Alamos defenders.
• Sam Houston out smarts the larger Mexican army
  and defeats Santa Anna at the battle of San
  Jacinto.
• Texas won their Independence and became the Lone
  Star Republic, but Mexico did not accept the
  loss.
• After 10 years most Texans want to become part of
  the United States. If Texas joins the U.S.,
  Mexico would be angered.

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What action should the U.S. take?

• A. Let Texas remain an independent country. Try
  to establish good relations with Texas, and avoid
  angering Mexico
• B. Annex Texas to the United States and risk war
  with Mexico.
• C. Make a treaty with Mexico agreeing to split
  Texas between the two countries.

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Answer- B

• President James Polk was a strong believer in
  Manifest Destiny.
• Congress voted to annex Texas
• Mexico was angered

• If you choose correctly you can move into Texas

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Oregon Country- 1846
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Oregon- Situation

• Oregon was claimed by both the U.S. and Great
  Britain. Both countries agreed to joint
  occupation.
• A pass through the Rocky Mountains was
  discovered. Pioneers started to poor through the
  mountains to claim the fertile land
• President Polk wanted to annex all of the Oregon
  Territory- fifty-four forty or fight

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What action should the U.S. take?

• A. Annex all of Oregon to the United States and
  risk war with Britain.
• B. Offer to sell Oregon to Britain in order to
  increase the money in the United States Treasury.
• C. make a treaty with Britain agreeing to divide
  Oregon between the two countries

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Option- C

• The nation was divided. People in the east did
  not want risk war over Oregon. People in the west
  wanted all of Oregon
• Polk decides to split the land with Great Britain
  with a treaty. The U.S. senate approves, both
  countries our satisfied without spilling a drop
  of blood.

• If you choose correctly then you can move into
  Oregon

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Mexico Cession- 1848
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Mexico Cession- Situation

• Mexico and Texans shot at each other over a
  border dispute. Mexico believed that the border
  should be the Nueces River and not the Rio Grande
  River which was 150 miles farther South
• Polk seizes the opportunity and asks congress to
  declare war
• New Mexico quickly falls into the hands of the
  U.S.
• California stages their own rebellion and become
  the Bear Flag Republic.
• The U.S. Invades Mexico, they are quickly
  defeated.

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What action should the U.S. take?

• A. Apologize for invading Mexico, offer to buy
  California and New Mexico, and except the Nueces
  River as the border between Mexico and Texas.
• B. Demand that Mexico recognize the Rio Grande as
  the border of Texas and cede California and New
  Mexico to the United States.
• C. Annex all of Mexico to the United States
  because it is weak after losing the Mexican War.

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Option- B

• The United States and Mexico signed the Treaty of
  Guadalupe Hidalgo
• Mexico gave up half of its territory. In return
  the U.S. paid Mexico 15 million dollars. The U.S.
  gains an area that includes California, Nevada,
  Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado
  and Wyoming.

• If you choose correctly then you can move into
  the Mexico Cession

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From Sea to Shining Sea

• Gadsden Purchase- a few years after the
  Mexican-American War the U.S. purchases land just
  south of the Mexican Cession for a railroad. The
  cost was 10 million dollars. The United States
  fulfilled its Manifest Destiny

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Manifest Destiny Puppet Show

• Your group is responsible for creating a puppet
  show on Manifest Destiny. Groups will be created
  to review each of the land acquisitions. Shows
  should be 3-5 minutes long.
• Each group must include the following terms in
  their presentation.

• Louisiana Purchase- Thomas Jefferson, Louisiana
  Territory, New Orleans, Mississippi River,
  France, Lewis and Clark
• Florida- Spain, Andrew Jackson, Runaway Slaves,
  Seminole Indians
• Texas- Stephen Austin, Mexico, Alamo, Lone Star
  Republic, annexation, Polk
• Oregon- Britain, 49th parallel, pioneers, treaty
• Mexican Cession- Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Rio
  Grande, California, Gadsden, Bear Flag Republic