Dictators Threaten World Peace

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Dictators Threaten World Peace
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I. Nationalism Grips Europe and Asia

• A. Failure of Treaty of Versailles
• 1. German resentment to the Allies.
• 2. Democracy had not been put into place and
  countries had turned to dictators with
  authoritarian governments.

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• B. Joseph Stalin
• 1. Took control of Soviet Union.
• 2. Five Year Plans were designed to improve the
  Soviet economy.
• 3. Was responsible for the deaths of up to 8-13
  million people whom he felt were a threat.
• 4. He established a totalitarian government that
  maintained complete control over its citizens.

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• C. Benito Mussolini
• 1. Created Fascism which placed the concerns of
  the state above the individual.
• 2. He played on the fears of economic collapse
  and communism.
• 3. Fascism controlled every aspect of Italian
  life.

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• D. Adolf Hitler
• 1. Created the German form of Fascism known as
  Nazism.
• 2. Based on extreme nationalism and racism.
• 3. Views in the book Mein Kampf
• 4. Wanted lebensraum or living space for
  Germans.
• 5. The Great Depression helped the Nazis come
  to power.

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• E. Militarists gain control of Japan
• 1. Wanted more living space for population.
• 2. Attacked China and seized Manchuria.
• 3. The League of Nations did nothing and Japan
  just dropped out of the league.

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• F. Civil War Breaks out in Spain
• 1. Francisco Franco rebelled against the Spanish
  republic.
• 2. Mussollini and Hitler helped Franco and this
  formed the Rome-Berlin Axis.
• 3. The League of Nations did nothing and Franco
  became Spains Fascist dictator.

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The U.S. Responds Cautiously

• A. Neutrality
• 1. U.S. clung to isolationism.
• 2. Congress passed the Neutrality Acts which
  outlawed arms sales to nations at war and nations
  engaged in civil wars.
• 3. U.S. did send China arms because Japan had
  attacked them, but had not officially declared
  war.

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