Speaking to Inform

1
Speaking to Inform

• Chapter 22

2
Speaking to Inform

• What does a speech to inform do? (Pg 187)
• What careers/jobs require informative speaking
  skills

3
Speaking to Inform

• Goals of Informative Speaking
• To enhance Understanding
• Occurs when message is accurately interpreted
• Words nonverbal are often misunderstood
• To maintain interest
• Goal will fail if listeners are bored/not focused
• Audiences listen to what
• Affects them, adds to their knowledge
• Satisfies curiosity, Entertains them

4
Speaking to Inform

• Goals of Informative Speaking
• To be remembered
• One day after hearing a presentation
• Audiences remember ____ of what they were told
• Two days after presentation
• Audiences remember ____ of what they were told
• To enhance recall use
• Organization
• Redundancy internal final summaries
• Relate message to listeners interests

5
Speaking to Inform

• Types of Informative Speeches
• Classified by the subject they cover
• Speech about an object
• Anything tangible (Something seen or touched)
• Time limits determines amount of detail
• Organizational structures
• Topical, Chronological, Spatial

6
Speaking to Inform

• Speech about procedure
• Explains how something works
• Circulatory system, How grapes become wine
• Use of word how
• Many procedure speeches include visual aids
• Showing how to do something is more effective
  than telling them

7
Speaking to Inform

• Speech about a person
• Key to effective biographical speech
• Dont try to cover every detail of subjects life
• Focus on specific aspects
• Career
• Personality
• Accomplishments
• Significant life features
• Current Athletes or celebrities will not be
  accepted for the informative person speech

8
Speaking to Inform

• Speech about major event
• Where were you at on Sept 11th 2001
• Major event can form a fascinating informative
  speech
• An event you have witnessed or researched
• What are major events you can identify?
• Make the event come alive
• Use vivid details emotion to help visualize
  the event
• Organize for Effect
• Most events use chronological structure
• May also be topical
• Civil War

9
Speaking to Inform

• Types of Informative speeches
• Speech about ideas
• More abstract than other info speeches
• Freedom of Speech
• Evolution
• Islam
• Most idea speeches are organized topically

10
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience understanding
• Ways to enhance someone's knowledge or
  understanding
• Speak with clarity
• To express ideas so that the listener understands
  the intended message accurately

11
Speaking to Inform

• Enhancing audience understanding
• Message Clarity
• Preview main points in introduction
• Tell listeners how content relates to previous
  point
• Frequently summarize key ideas
• Provide visual outline to help listeners follow
• Provide any handouts prior to speech
• Stay on message
• Dont present too much info too quickly

12
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience understanding
• Clarify complex processes
• Use analogies/comparisons
• Give big picture before giving details
• Describe the process
• Who, what, when, where, why
• Use word pictures
• There are many ways to do this
• Review (pg 191)

13
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience understanding
• Use principles and techniques of adult learning
• Adult learners like to
• Be give information that can be used immediately
• Have active involvement in the learning process
• Connect their life experiences with the new
  information
• Know how new information is relevant to their
  needs and lives
• Are problem oriented learners

14
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience understanding
• Use effective visual reinforcement
• Research on learning styles shows
• Listeners remember ideas reinforced with visual
  aids
• Pictures
• Graphs
• Posters
• Audiences like visual messages
• Television
• Internet

15
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to Maintain Audience Interest
• Before you can inform, you must gain interest
• Establish motive
• If given motivation audience will listen
• Boss says "Your job depends on this info"
• Teacher says "This test will be 50 of your
  grade"
• Tell a story
• Characters plots fascinate listeners
• A good story
• Includes conflict, Incorporates action
• Creates Suspense, May incorporate humor

16
Speaking to Inform

• Present information that relates to your
  listeners
• An effective audience centered speaker means
• Being aware of information audience can use
• Wont share information that will bore or
  disinterest audience
• What are some informative topics that may relate
  to or interest this class

17
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience recall
• Build in redundancy (pg 194)
• Writers usually dont repeat
• Readers can reread
• Speakers
• Should repeat key points
• Pace information flow
• Evenly discuss main points details
• Avoid many details for one point few for others
• Use support to clarify info new to audience
• Present info for audience to grasp

18
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience recall
• Reinforce key ideas verbally
• Use phrases to reinforce ideas
• This is the MOST IMPORTANT point
• Be sure to REMEMBER this next point
• These will help audience recall information
• Avoid overuse of this technique
• (don't tell audience every point is important)

19
Speaking to Inform

• Strategies to enhance audience recall
• Reinforce ideas nonverbally
• Nonverbal can signal importance
• Gestures
• Accent or emphasize key phrases
• Pauses
• Can emphasize the information that is between
  the pauses
• Movement
• Can help emphasize major ideas or information
  presented