SWBAT:

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Chapter 15Fatty Acids

• SWBAT
• Write structures of fatty acids
• ID saturated and unsaturated fatty acids

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Fatty Acids

• Contains a long carbon chain attached to a
  carboxylic acid on C1
• Typically contain and even number of carbon atoms
  between 10 and 20

Dodecanoic Acid Lauric Acid
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Fatty Acids

• They are
• Aliphatic molecules they are both hydrophobic
  and hydrophilic
• Butoverall they are hydrophobic

Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Cell Membrane
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Fatty Acids to know

• Lauric Acid (C12)
• Myristic Acid (C14)
• Palmitic Acid (C16)
• Stearic Acid (C18)

Laura, My Palm Stinks!
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Types of Fatty Acids

• Saturated Fatty Acids
• Only single bonds between the carbon atoms

• Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
• Have one double bond in the carbon chain
• Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
• Have two or more double bonds

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Unsaturated Fatty Acids

• trans double bonds
• cis double bonds

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Shapes of Unsaturated Fatty Acids
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Fatty AcidsPhysical Properties

• Saturated and trans Fatty Acids
• High melting points (solids)
• Perfect alignment high Van de Waals
  intermolecular attractions

• Trans fatty acids do not naturally exist they
  are a man made product and are the most stable
  fatty acids

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Fatty AcidsPhysical Properties

• Unsaturated cis Fatty Acids
• Lower melting point (liquid at room temp)

• Do not have perfect alignment due to kinks in
  chain low Van de Waals
• Less stable double bonds can break

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Both are C18H36O2
Saturated MP of 69
Unsaturated MP of 13
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Prostaglandins

• They are
• Small polyunsaturated Fatty Acids that act like
  hormones mediating a range of symptoms from
  inflammation to blood pressure
• Synthesized from Arachidonic Acid (AA)

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Prostaglandins

• Most have a hydroxyl group on C11 and C15 and a
  trans double bond at C13

• PGE - those with a ketone on C9
• PGF - those with a hydroxyl group on C9

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Inflammation is a

• Natural response to infection and injury
• Disease like rheumatoid arthritis (inflammation
  of the joints)

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Why do we care?
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Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs(NSAIDs)

• Drug class that includes
• Aspirin
• Ibuprofen
• Naproxen (Alveve)
• Ketoprofen (actron)
• Nabumetone (Relafen)

Long term use can result in liver, kidney and
gastrointestinal damage
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NSAID effect and side effectStomach side effect
Video Links
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Homework

• Chapter 15.2
• Pg 503
• 15.6 15.18 (even)