Section 4: Two Nations Live on the Edge

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Section 4 Two Nations Live on the Edge
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What is Brinkmanship?

• Brinkmanship To get as close to total war
  without actually going to war.
• Both US/SU rushed to develop a more powerful
  nuclear weapon
• a. H-Bomb 60-700x than an A-Bomb.
• b. The US developed it first, Nov., 1952.

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Operation Crossroads (329 min)
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Fear of nuclear war lasted for over 30 years
(air-raids, bomb shelter, fallout shelters)
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Cold War Around the World

• CIA and KGB
• Secretly helped overthrow governments that were
  not friendly to their country.
• Where?
• -Middle-East
• -Central Asia
• -SE Asia
• -Central America
• -Africa

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Iran
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Cold War and Iran

• 1. In 1951, P.M. of Iran, Mohammed Mossadegh,
  nationalized Irans oil fields.
• 2. This hurt the UK. Most oil fields were owned
  by British companies.

Mohammed Mossadegh Overthrown by the CIA/M-I 5
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• 3. The US was afraid Iran would turn to USSR.
• 4. The CIA helped put the recently exiled Shah
  Mohammad Reza Pahlavi back in power.
• 5. The Shah gave back the oil fields to Western
  companies.
• 6. He was very unpopular and was overthrown in
  1979.

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
1979 Islamic Revolution (411 min.)
Ayatollah Khomeini
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Egypt Suez Crisis (304 min.)
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• Tries to get the US and UK to built the Aswan Dam
  by playing them against the SU.
• Buys weapons from SU.
• US pulls money out of the deal.
• Nasser nationalizes the Suez canal, which was
  owned by the French and UK (they built it in
  1869)
• Nasser closes the canal to Israel (created by the
  UN in 1948)
• Israel, UK and France attack Egypt.
• Ike forced the participants to stop fighting and
  adhere to a UN vote.

Gamal Abdel-Nasser 1954
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Aswan Dam
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Eisenhower Doctrine

• The US would defend Middle East from the SU and
  communism.