Principle of Ecology

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Principle of Ecology

• Cycles of Matter

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Biogeochemical Cycles

• Bio
• Life
• Geo
• Geological
• Chemical
• Elements Compounds
• Cycles
• Use and ReUse

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Biogeochemical Cycles

• Water
• Nutrients
• Carbon
• Nitrogen
• Phosphorus
• And many others

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Recycling in the Biosphere

• Key Concept
• Unlike the one-way flow of energy, Matter is
  recycled within and between ecosystems.
• Biogeochemical cycles
• Connect Biological, Geological, and Chemical
  aspects of the Biosphere

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Recycling in the Biosphere
It Is Transformed
Matter is NOTUsed Up!
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The Water Cycle
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Nutrient Cycles

• Key Concept
• Every living organism needs nutrients to build
  tissues and carry out essential life functions.
• Nutrients are passed through Biogeochemical
  Cycles.

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Carbon Cycle

• 3 Terrestrial Ecosystems
• 1 in the Atmosphere

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Carbon Cycle

• Estimated Carbon in Biosphere
• 49,000 Metric Gigatons
• Metric Gigaton109 Metric Tons or 1,000,000,000
  Tons
• 71 in Oceans
• 22 Fossilized
• 3 Dead Organics Phytoplankton

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Carbon Cycle
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Atmospheric Gases - Wikipedia
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Nitrogen Cycle

• Required for Amino Acids

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Nitrogen In The Biosphere
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Nitrogen Cycle

• Nitrogen Fixation
• Nodules
• Bacteria
• Symbiotic
• roots of
• legumes

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Legumes
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Nitrogen Cycle
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Phosphorus Cycle

• Required for DNA RNA
• Not very common in Biosphere
• Found Mostly As Inorganic Phosphate In
• Rock Soil
• Ocean Sediments

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Phosphorus Cycle

• Phosphorus DoesNOTHave An Atmospheric Phase

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Phosphorus Cycle
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Nutrient Limitation

• Primary Productivity
• Rate at which organic matter is created
• Limiting Nutrient
• Lack of nutrient slows productivity
• Human addition of nutrients upsets balance
  algal blooms.

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Nutrient Limitation

• Fertilizers
• Usually Contain Three Limiting Nutrients
• Nitrogen
• Phosphorous
• Potassium
• Oceans
• Nitrogen is the Limiting Nutrient
• Freshwater
• Phosphorous is the Limiting Nutrient