Nutrition

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Nutrition
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Nutrition

• Includes all body processes relating to food
• Digestion, metabolism, circulation and
  elimination
• These processes allow the body to use food for
  energy, maintenance of health and growth.
• Nutritional Status- state of ones nutrition
• Goal maintain wellness

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Effects of good nutrition

• Healthy appearance, good attitude, proper sleep
  and bowel habits, high energy, enthusiasm,
  freedom from anxiety
• Cumulative affect over the years- disease
  prevention

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Diseases r/t poor nutrition

• Hypertension ( excess fat or salt)
• Atherosclerosis (fatty plaque build-up on
  arteries- saturated fats, cholesterol)
• Osteoporosis (deficiencies of Ca, Vit. D, Mg)
• Malnutrition (sx fatigue, depression, poor
  posture, over/underweight, poor complexion,
  lifeless hair, irritability

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Essential nutrients

• Composed of chemical elements found in food.
  Used by the body to perform different functions.
  6 groups

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Essential Nutrients

• Carbohydrates-major source of human energy
  starches or sugars
• Cheap
• Grow in most environments
• Easily digested
• Keep well
• (breads, cereals, pasta, potatoes, fruits,
  sugars, syrup
• Cellulose-fibrous indigestible form- regular BMs

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Fats

• (lipids) Most concentrated form of energy
• Maintain body temp., cushion organs and bones,
  aid in absorption of fat soluble vitamins,
  provide flavor (butter, oils, cream, fatty meats,
  cheeses, and egg yolk)
• Classified as saturated (solid at room temp.) and
  polyunsaturated

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Fats cont.

• Cholesterol is a fat-like substance found in body
  cells and animal fats. It is used in the
  production of steroid hormones, vit. D and bile
  acids. Also a component of cell membranes.
  Synthesized by the liver.
• Excess leads to atherosclerosis

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Proteins

• Basic components of all body cells.
• Build and repair cells, regulate body functions
  and provide energy and heat.
• Made up of 22 building blocks called amino acids.
  Nine of these amino acids are essential to life.
  Proteins that have all 9 are called complete
  proteins. Best sources of complete protein are
  animal sources (milk, cheese, eggs, fish)

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Protein cont.

• Incomplete proteins dont contain essential 9
• Sources cereals, soybeans, dry beans, peas,
  corn and nuts

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Vitamins

• Organic compounds essential to life
• Important for metabolism, tissue building, and
  body process regulation
• Only small amounts required- healthy diet should
  provide plenty

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Vitamins

• Water soluble- dissolve in water, easily
  destroyed in cooking, not usually stored in body
• Fat soluble- dissolve in fat, not easily destroyed

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Minerals

• Inorganic (non-living) elements found in all
  body tissues
• Regulate body fluids, assist in body functions,
  contribute to growth and aid in buiding tissues

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Water

• Found in all body tissues
• Essential for digestion
• Makes up most of blood plasma
• Helps body tissue absorb nutrients
• Helps move waste
• Found in most food- should still drink 6 to 8
  glasses day