ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF HR FUNCTION IN INDIA

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ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF HR FUNCTION IN INDIA
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ORIGIN OF HR

• Its origin is dated back to 1800 BC., when wage
  and incentive plans were included in the
  Babylonian code of Hammurabi.
• The worlds first management book, titled
  Artasastra written by Kautilya, in 400 BC,
  codified many aspects of human resource practices
  in ancient India.

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GROWTH OF HUMAN RESOURCE

• HRM in India could be traced back to the period
  after 1920, when emphasizes was on worker
  welfare.
• In 1931, the royal commission on labor suggested
  the appointment of labor officer to protect
  workers interests .
• Appointment of labor officer

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• The second world war
• Enactment of Industrial dispute Act
• Enactment of Factories Act
• 1960 and after..

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FIRST PHASE

• Immediately after independence the focus was on
  four reasons
• Maintain discipline
• Prevent their formation of and break-up the
  leadership of trade unionism.
• Prevent their formation of and break-up the
  leadership of trade unionism
• Handle recruitment and termination
• Keep some form of attendance and personnel
  records.

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SECOND PHASE

• IN 1960S, Indian industrialization got a fillip
  with the rise of the public sector. Hence 3 more
  functions were added i.e.,
• Labor welfare
• Participative management
• Industrial Harmony
• In this period, the human relations movement of
  the west also had its impact on Indian
  organization.

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THIRD PHASE

• In 1970, the people management functions was
  neatly divided into two
• Personnel officer
• Establishment officers

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Fourth Phase

• In 1976, birth of worker training institute and
  attitudinal development.

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Fifth Phase

• In 1985, organization shifted towards making HR
  Department separately.
• HRD and personnel function were clubbed together.

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Sixth phase

• In early 1990s
• HRM was seen as strategy
• Motivation and stress were considered to bring
  change in HRM
• Focus on organization objectives

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Seventh Phase

• In the mid of 1990s, sub specialization like
• Industrial Relations
• Training Development
• Information system

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Eight phase

• HRM is not selective management any more
• It became the part of Corporate Strategy
  formulation and strategy implementation team

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Later Arrival of HRM in India

• Late arrival of factory system
• Low status of industrial worker
• Professionalization of Human resource Management
• Social responsibilities of Business
• Change of government attitude

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Factors Impending the growth of HRM in India

• Abundance of cheap labor
• Weak labor movement
• Highly Authoritarian culture
• Technological Backwardness
• Instability in Employment
• Unhealthy growth of Trade unions
• Migratory characteristic of Indian labor

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Evolving Role of HRM in India

• Origin Of Human Resource Management in India
• The police Man
• The Welfare Man
• The law Man
• The Liaison Man
• The HR Man