Orthographic Views

1
Orthographic Views
2
Orthographic Projection

• Orthographic projection is the name given to the
  type of drawing where a 3D object is drawn as 3
  different 2D views.
• These views are called the Plan, Elevation and
  End Elevation.
• Orthographic views are examinable at all levels -
  Foundation, General and Credit.

3
Orthographic Projection

• The following slides will instruct you on how to
  draw 3 orthographic views of a shape.

4
Orthographic Projection - the Elevation
Draw the front face of the block using the
correct sizes.
Length
The front view is called the Elevation.
Elevation
5
Orthographic Projection - the Plan
Draw the top face or birds eye view of the
block using the correct sizes.
The top view is called the Plan.
Depth
Length
6
Orthographic Projection - the Plan
Project the length of the block up to form the
base of the plan.
Depth
Plan
Then measure the depth of the block and draw it
on the plan as shown.
Elevation
7
Orthographic Projection - the End Elevation
Draw the end face of the block using the correct
sizes.
Height
Depth
The side view is called the End Elevation.
8
Orthographic Projection - the End Elevation
Draw a 45 from the top right hand corner of the
Elevation.
Plan
Project the depth of the block across to the
diagonal then where they intersect project down.
Now project the heights across from the Elevation
to complete.
Elevation
End Elevation
9
Orthographic Projection

• Follow the steps for the next shape.
• The shape below will be drawn as an orthographic
  drawing.

10
Orthographic Projection - the Elevation
Draw the Elevation of the bottle.
When you look at a cylinder from the front you do
not see the curved sides. The shape you see is a
rectangle.
Elevation
11
Orthographic Projection - the Plan
The shape you will see from the top of the bottle
will be a large circle with a smaller circle
inside it.
Project the centre line up.
Set your compasses to the correct radius. We will
draw the larger circle first.
Elevation
12
Orthographic Projection - the Plan
Now set them to the radius of the smaller circle
and draw it.
13
Orthographic Projection - the Plan
Once this circle is drawn you have to add another
centre line to mark the centres of the circles
drawn on the plan.
14
Orthographic Projection - the End Elevation
The End elevation will be the same shape as the
Elevation as the cylinder is a symmetrical shape.
Plan
End Elevation
Elevation
15
Orthographic Projection - the End Elevation
Draw a 45 from the top right hand corner of the
Elevation.
Project the depth of the block across to the
diagonal then where they intersect project down.
Plan
Now project the heights across from the Elevation
to complete.
Now darken in the lines you want to draw.
Elevation
16
Orthographic Projection
You will now be left with the finished drawing.
Plan
End Elevation
Elevation