Multiple Tools for IP Control

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Multiple Tools for IP Control

• Dan Morrical
• Iowa State University
• 515-294-0847
• morrical_at_iastate.edu

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Old way

• Drugs, drugs, drugs
• Newer, stronger, bigger doses
• No longer sustainable
• No new drugs

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Tools available

• Knowledge
• Genetics
• Selective treatment
• Parasite resistance
• Rotational grazing
• Parasite resistance
• Land resource

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Knowledge

• High risk animals
• High risk times
• Dry lot versus pasture
• Stock density

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Knowledge
Larvae levels
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Typical parasitic lifestyle

• Eggs
• Development from egg to infective (L3) larvae can
  occur as early as 6 days
• Molt into L1s in the egg then hatch
• Nematodirus develop into L3s in the egg, then
  hatch
• Most ova do not survive very cold ambient
  temperatures

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Typical parasitic lifestyle

• L3s - infective stage
• Thick cuticle protects them from drying
• Cannot feed - finite life span
• Warm temperatures increase their metabolic rate.
• Can survive some freezing

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Haemonchus

• Adults live in abomasum
• ingest 0.05ml blood/worm/day
• 5000 worms will remove 250 ml of blood.
• Adults are very prolific egg layers
• Haemonchus L3s are not as cold hardy as others
• Most L3s live for 1-3 months

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Genetics

• Katahdin and NSIP
• Dorpers ?, Boer goats ?
• Genetic resistance vs production

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Selective treatment

• FAMACHA
• treat pale eyes
• Labor
• Faith

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Resistance

• Our parasites truly resistant
• Fecal egg reduction test
• Drenchrite

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Grazing management
Better forage production Better health
status Enough nutrients to feed sheep and
parasites.
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Land Resource

• Pasture A Pasture B
• Hayed in 07 grazed in 07
• Grazed in 08 hayed in 08

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Land Resource, option b

• Pasture A Pasture B
• Cattle in 07 Sheep in 07
• Sheep in 08 Cattle in 08

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Land Resource, option b

• Pasture A Pasture B Pasture C
• Cattle in 07 Sheep in 07 Hayed 07
• Hayed in 08 Cattle in 08 Sheep 08
• Sheep in 09 Hayed in 09 Cattle 09

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Safe pastures

• No sheep or goats from either
• July 1 to December 31
• or
• January 1 to June 30

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Alternative approaches

• Cat thyme
• Sericea Lespedeza
• Copper wire bolus
• Fungus
• DE

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Research Design

• Ewes
• 0, .5, 1 and 2 g
• Lambs
• 0, .5, .75, 1.0 g

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Results FEC

• Ewes Day 7
• FEC increased in ewes to gt2000 epg for 0 and .5
  gram dose
• FEC decreased in ewes to lt1000epg for 2 g dose
• Note 2 g ewes went up to gt1500epg on day 35

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Results PCV

• Ewes from day 0 to day 21
• all groups went down slightly
• 4 ewes had to be treated with PCV below 18
• None were in the 2 gram group

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Results AST

• Lambs no indication of copper problems
• Ewes no indication of copper problems
• Base diet is pasture and TM salt

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Applications

• Extreme care
• 2 gram dose is like feeding 25 PPM copper for 50
  days
• Documented resistance
• Use serum AST with 2 g COWP in 5 ewes or less as
  first step

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Summary

• Drugs (anthelminics) are not the solution
• Develop whole farm strategy
• Be creative
• Work with your Veterinarian

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Questions