A SPEAKER

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A SPEAKERS GUIDEBOOK4TH EDITIONCHAPTER 11

• Organization for Public Speaking

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Question

• Whats the last item you lost or couldnt find
  when you needed it?
• A. Keys
• B. Wallet or purse
• C. Homework
• D. Cell phone
• E. Other

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Importance of Organization

• Disorganization causes stress.
• A well-organized speech reduces anxiety.
• Audiences understand organized speeches better.
• Organized speakers are perceived as more
  competent or trustworthy.

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Principles of Organization

1. Speeches must exhibit unity of thought where
   every statement meets the purpose and thesis and
   ties back to every other statement.
2. Coherence refers to the clarity of thought and
   logical consistency in the organization patterns
   of coordination and subordination.
3. The principle of balance suggests that
   appropriate weight or emphasis be given to each
   part of the speech in relationship to the other
   parts.

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Coordination Subordination

• Note In APA format, the subordinate to
  sub-sub-subpoint b. would be identified by a
  lowercase roman numeral i and its coordinate
  with ii.

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Three Basic Speech Sections

• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion

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Question

• In which section of your speech does your main
  points and supporting material go?
• A. Introduction
• B. Body
• C. Conclusion

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The Body Section

• Identify your main ideas by dividing your topic
  into points that can be discussed or explained
  further with support evidence from research.
• Main points express your important ideas or
  persuasive claims.
• Your main points should answer your specific
  purpose and contain elements from your thesis
  statement.

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Limiting Main Points

• A typical classroom speech contains 2-5 main
  points due to time constraints.
• Too many main points can overwhelm your audience.
• Main points should be equal in importance and
  contain parallel form in their grammatical
  sentence structure.

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Writing Your Main Points

• Write in complete, declarative sentences.
• Follow Subject Verb Objective Phrase sentence
  structure.

ACTIVITY Quickly jot down three possible main
points for your speech topic. Rewrite them as
complete sentences and place in order of
importance least to most.
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Outline Enumeration Indentions

• I. Main point
• A. Subordinate to main point I
• B. Coordinate with subpoint A
• 1. Subordinate to subpoint B
• 2. Coordinate with sub-subpoint 1
• a. Subordinate to sub-subpoint 2
• b. Coordinate with sub-subpoint 2
• i. Subordinate to sub-sub-subpoint b
• ii. Coordinate with sub-sub-subpoint i
• II. Main point Coordinate with main point I

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Transitions and Signposts

• Just as this airport directory shows the
  passenger where to go, transitions are words,
  phrases, or sentences that move the audience to
  the next point or section.
• Signposts are contained within main points to
  indicate sub-points or order.
• Full-sentence transitions are most effective
  between the main sections and are set off by
  parentheses.

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Chapter 11 Key Terms for Review

• arrangement
• outlining
• introduction
• body
• conclusion
• main points
• parallel form
• supporting points
• indentation
• roman numeral outline
• unity
• coherence

• coordination and subordination
• balance
• transitions
• full-sentence transitions
• signposts
• restate-forecast form
• rhetorical questions
• preview statement
• internal preview
• internal summary