??????????????????,?????????????????????? monacolins??????? ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ?? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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??????????????????,?????????????????????? monacolins??????? ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ??

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Title: ??????????????????,?????????????????????? monacolins??????? ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ??


1
?? ??????????????
2
??
  • ??????88?2?3????????????????,????8?3??????????????
    (????) ???????,???????????? (????)?
  • ????97?2?,???????108?????????53??????,?????????5??

3
?????
  • ???????????????????????,???????????,???????????,??
    ??????,??????,????????????????????????
  • ???????,??????????????????,?????????????,?????????
    ??????????,??????????????

4
????
  • ??????????????????,??????????????????????????,????
    ??????????????,??????????????
  • ??????????????????,??????????????????????
    monacolins??????? ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ??

5
????????????
  • ??? ???????????????????????
  • ??? ??????????(??????)?????????????????,??????????
    ??????
  • ??????????????????????,???????????????????(
    Monascus spp.) ?????????????,????????????????????

6
??????????
  • ???????????????????,??????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????

7
???
  • ?????????????
  • ????????monacolin K?????.???,??????????
  • ???citrinin????????????(2 ppm)?
  • ????????????????????????

8
????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????,??????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????,???????????????
    ???????????????

9
???????????
  • ??? ????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????,?????

10
???
  • ????????????????,??????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????,?????????

11
??
  • ??????????????????????,?????
  • ???????????,???????
  • ????????????

12
??????
  • ?????????????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????,????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????????,??????????,??????????????
  • ?????????????,?????????

13
????????
  • ?????95???????????????????????????????????????????
    ????96?2?15????????????????,??????????????????????
    ??????,??????????????????,????????????????????????
    ???????

14
??????
  • ?????????????????????,????????????,?????????????,?
    ?????????????????????????????????????????????????,
    ????????

15
??????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ??????????????,????????????,??????????
  • ???????????,????????????

16
????????????
  • ?????????,?????
  • ????,????
  • ???????,?????,?????,??????????????
  • ??????????????????,??????????

17
??????????????
  • ????????????(1985),???????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????
  • ??????,????????????,??????????????

18
  • ????????,?????,????????????????,??????????,???????
    ?????????????
  • ????,????????????????,???????,??????????(1590),???
    ???????????????????????,????????

19
??????????
  • ??,?????????????(1637)????????,????????????????,??
    ????????????????,?????????????????

20
??Endo?????monacolin K
  • 1979?????????Endo??????????????????????????
    monacolin K
  • ????????????????????????,???????????,???????????

21
?????????
  • ????(Monascus)??????van Tieghem?1884????,?????????
    ??????????,????(Septa),???????????????????
  • ????,?????????(Fungi)?????(Ascomycota)?????(Ascomy
    cetes)?????(Eurotiales)?????(Monascaceae)?
  • ???????????????????????,?????????????

22
????????
  • ????????????,??????????????,??????????????1908????
    ????Monascus purpureus
  • ?1930????????????????????????????????,???Monascus
    anka,?????Anka(????????)?

23
?????????--???
  • ?????????????,???????????????????,???????????
  • ?????????,????????????????

24
?????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ???????,?????????,??????? (????????,?????????????
    ????????)??????,????????????(?????????????,???????
    ?????,?????30??????????????,????????????????????)
    ?

25
?????
  • ?????????,???????????,???????7????
  • ????????????????,?????????,????????????,???????,??
    ?????????????,???????????,??????????????
  • ??????????,???????,????????

26
?????????
27
?????????
  • ???????500??,????????????,??68???
  • ????????????,?0.2kg/cm2??????15??,?????
  • ???????,??????????,?????40??
  • ??????????10???20?????,????,?????,????????
  • ???,????????8??

28
?1?
  •    ??-???????331?,?????,??????,?????351?,??????4
    0?,??,??????    ??????

29
?2?
  •    ??-??????,?????????,????????,???????????????,??
    ???????    ??????(????341?,???851)?

30
?3?
  •    ??-????????,??????,??????????????,??????????,??
    ???????
  •  ??????????????,??????,????????
  • ??????????,??????30??,???  ????30??,?????502?
  • ?????????????,?????????

31
?4?
  •  ??-??????????,??????,??????????????,?????????,???
    ?????
  •    ?????????,??????20??????,????472?

32
?5?
  •    ??-??????????,???????????,????????,????????
  • ??????40????
  •    ???,??????482?

33
?6?
  •    ??-???,?????????????????,??10???????
  • ??????301?,??????

34
?7?
  •    ??-????45??????22???
  • ?8?   ??-?????????,???????41?
  • ????????????????

35
???????
36
??????
  • ??????????????,??55??????,????20??????????????
    ???4?Monacolin K?????????,????????

37
?????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????,?????monascorubramine?
    rubropunctamine????monascorubrin?rubropunctatin,??
    ???ankaflavin?monascin?????
  • ????azaphilones???????,??????,???????????,????????
    ???????

38
????
  • ??Monascus purpureus?Monascus anka??????????????mo
    nascorubrin?????,??rubropunctatin????ankaflavinc?m
    onascin?????
  • ??????????????????????,???????????????????,???????
    ?????????

39
??????????
  • ?????????????????pH?????
  • ???????,????????????????,?????????????????????
  • ???????????,???????????????,M.
    ruber???????????????????

40
??????????
  • ??????????,??????????,?4????? 3???,??????9298,??
    ????????????????,?????????????????????????

41
???????
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????,?????(????5?????0.15?MgSO4?7H2O
    0.1?KH2PO4 0.25,pH6.0)????????,??????30?,?100rpm
    ????45?,?????????

42
  • ?????????????,???????????,?????????,???????
  • ???????,????????????,????????????????,????????(pe
    llet)????????????

43
??????????
  • ????,?????????????????,??????????????,????????????
    ?
  • ????????????,??????18??/??,?????????,?LD50?4??/???
    ?,???????,????????????

44
???????????
  • ????????????????????????,??1.6??????????????,?????
    ?0.15??/??NaNO2??????????
  • ?4???????????????,??????????,???????????????

45
???????????
46
??????????
  • ?????????,??????????????????????????????,?????LD50
    ??33.3??/????,?????????????????LD50??8.7??/?????
  • 12?????????,????????????????????,????????????

47
???????
  • ????,?????????,???????????????????
  • ??????,?????????,?????????????????????????????????
    ???????,????????GPT?GOT????,??????????,?????????

48
???????????
  • ???,???????,???????????????????
  • ???????????????????????,????????,????,????????????
    ????????????
  • ?????????????????,???????????????

49
?????????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ????????????????,???????????????,???????????

50
???????????
  • ???????????,???????????
  • ??????????????????,???????????

51
????????????
  • ???????????(?)???????? (monacolins)
  • ????????????????? (???????????????????)
    ??????????51??,??????????????(19.2),????????????
    ????,???????????
  • ???????2000???????23,884?,?????????????

52
1979???(Endo)??????????????monacolin K?
  • ??????????????????????????????HMG-CoA reductase
    (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A
    reductase)???,??mevalonic acid????,?????????,?????
    ?????,???????????????????????(low density
    lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)?????????

53
Monacolin K
  • Monacolin K????????????????,??????????(isoprene)
    ??
  • ???????????????????????,??????????????????,???????
    ????

54
?????
  • 1993???????????????????????,??0.20.3????????,???
    ?????????????200mmHg??180mmHg??,???????-????(?-ami
    nobutyric acid, GABA)?????(glucosamine)?

55
?????????????
  • 1987?Kohama?????????????????(spontaneously
    hypertensive rats,SHR),????????????
  • 1992?Tsuji??????(Monascus pilosus IFO
    4520)????,????????????????????????
  • ?-???????????,????????????300µg,???????????????

56
????27g???
  • ??????,?????????,????27g???,?????????
  • ????????,??????????????????,????????????

57
??????(monascidin)
  • M. purpureus?1977????Wong?Bau??????????,??????,???
    ??monascidin A????????
  • Monascidin A??????????????,???????????,?????Bacill
    us?Streptococcus?Pseudomonas?????????,????????????
    ?
  • ???????,??????????monascidin A???????????Blanc???1
    995???????????? (gas chromatography-mass,
    GC-MS)?????? (nuclear magnetic resonance,
    NMR)??????? (infrared, IR) ?????,?????monascidin
    A??citrinin?(?)????

58
????
  • ???????,??????????monascidin A???????????
  • Blanc???1995???????????? (gas chromatography-mass
    , GC-MS)?????? (nuclear magnetic resonance,
    NMR)??????? (infrared, IR) ?????,?????monascidin
    A??citrinin?

59
????
  • ??????monascorubrin?rubropunctatin???????,???????,
    ?????????? (ammoniemia)?????????????
  • Yasukawa????????????,????????12-o-tetradecanoyl-ph
    orbol-13-acetate(TPA)?????????(inflammatory)???,??
    ?monascorubrin??????????

60
?????
  • 1988???????,???????0.20.3?????????,????????2333
    ,??????????????????1929,?????????????????

61
???? (ergosterol)
  • ????????D2????
  • ?????????????????,?????????????1995???,????
    (Monascus)???????????????????,???????????????

62
(?)?????
  • ?????????1999??Aniya??????,?????????a,
    a-diphenyl-ß-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)???????????????,
    ??????????????????
  • Aniya????????????,??????????dimerumic acid?

63
?????
  • Juzlova???1996??????????????,?????????????????????
    C14C24??GC-MS??,???39?????,?22??????(??iso?anteis
    o)?14???? (monoenoic acid)?2????(dienoic
    acid)?1?a-????? (a-linolenic acid)?

64
??????
  • ?????????????? (superoxide dismutase,
    SOD)???????????(ribonuclease)?a-?????
    (a-galactosidase) ,????? (pectinase)
    ???,?????????????????????
  • ???????????????,??????????????????-citrinin
    (monascidin A),????????????,?????????
    (hepatonephrotoxic mycotoxin),??????????????

65
????????-Citrinin
  • Citrinin??????????,????Penicillium
    citrinum???,???Aspergillium spp. ?Monascus
    spp.??????Citrinin?????C13H14O5,??????????
  • ???????????,???alcohol?dioxane?????,???????250.331
    nm,LD50 35mg/kg(mouse)?67mg/kg (rat),????217.1?

66
Citrinin
  • Citrinin?gram-positive????Bacillus?Streptococcus?P
    seudomonas?????????????
  • citrinin????????(nephrotoxin and
    hepatotoxin),?Monascus ruber?,??citrinin??????????
    ????
  • ???????????????,????????citrinin??,??????

67
????-citrinin
  • Blanc???1995???,Monasus purpureus?Monascus
    ruber?????????-citrinin,???????????,??????????????
    ,????????????,?????100400mg/L?????????????????cit
    rinin,???????????????
  • ??????????citrinin??????????????citrinin,?????????
    ???????

68
?????????,????????,?????????
  • ??????????,????????citrinin??????????,????????????
    ???citrinin?????????
  • ????????????citrinin??,??????????,????????,???????
    ???

69
???????
  • 1999?????Monica?????????????citrinin?????0.217.1µ
    g/kg,???Ames Salmonella-microsome
    assaSalmonella-hepatocyte assay????????,??????????
    ?????????????

70
?????????citrinin???
  • ??????????????????,??????????????,????????????????
    ??citrinin???,??????citrinin???,??????????????????
    ?
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