Rates, Ratios, Proportionns and Percentages

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Rates, Ratios, Proportionns and Percentages
Prepared byJosefina V. AlmedaProfessor and
College SecretarySchool of StatisticsUniversity
of the Philippines, DilimanAugust 2009
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Examples of Rates

• In 2000, the total number of live births is
  1,766,440, the total number of deaths is 366,931
  and the total population is 76,504,077. Find the
  birth rate and death rate.

Birth Rate the number of births per 1,000
population in a given time
period Number of live births
x 1,000 Total
Population
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Birth Rate
x 1,000 20 births per 1,000 population
The birth rate was 20 births per 1,000 population
in 2000.
Death Rate the number of deaths per 1,000
population in a given time
period Number of deaths
x 1000 Total
Population
x 1,000 5 deaths per 1,000 population

The death rate was 5 deaths per 1,000 population
in 2000.
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Ratios the ratio of a number A to
another number B is defined to be
A divided by B. Ratios unlike
proportions may be greater than one
Proportions can be derived from ratios and vice-
versa hence they are considered
special case of ratios. Example
Ratio 3 2
males females
proportion of
males 3/5 0.6 Out of
the five individuals, three are males.
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Example of Proportions
Number of clientele assisted by the
Public Attorneys Office by Quasi-Judicial Cases
Handled in the Philippines 2003 and 2004
Quasi-Judicial Caseds Handled 2003 Proportion 2004 Proportion
Administrative 7,035 0.10 6,416 0.11
Prosecution 40,752 0.58 37,659 0.63
Labor 20,210 0.29 14,225 0.24
Appealed 1,782 0.03 1,836 0.03
Total 69779 1.00 60136 1.00
Compare the number of administrative cases
handled for the years 2003 and 2004
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Percent Change
PERCENT CHANGE new amount - original
amount x 100
original amount
When the new amount is less than the original
amount, the number on top will be a negative
number and the result will be a percent
decrease. When the new amount is greater than
the original amount, the percentage change is
positive and is called a percent increase.
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Example of Percent Change
The population of the Philippines in 1995 was
68,616,536 and in 2000 it was 76,498,735. Find
the percent change in the Philippine population
from 1995 to 2000.
From the given problem, new amount
76,498,735 original amount
68,616,536 Percent change 76,498,735 -
68,616,536 x 100 11.49
68,616,536 There was an
11.49 increase in the Philippine population
from 1995 to 2000.
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Thank you.