Depth Perception

1
Depth Perception
2
Overview
Depth perception is the ability to see things in
a 3-Dimensional way and to judge distance.
We use depth cues to gather information on the
images we see.  These cues can be monocular or
binocular.
3
Binocular Cues
Binocular depth cues use both eyes to perceive
information on he 3-dimensional form of an object
and it's place in space.
Images seen through both eyes are examples of
steroptic vision because the two eyes see two
different pictures that combine as one.
There are two types of binocular cues, retinal
disparity and convergence.
4
Binocular Cues 
The image your right eye sees is different than
your left eye because they are a small distance
apart. The image you see using both eyes is the
two images merged.
5
Binocular Cue Fun Fact
3-D movies use the idea of retinal disparity by
using two close cameras and merging the image
together.
6
Binocular Cues Convergence  
When focusing on images less than 4-6 meters
away, the eyes turn inward to focus on the same
object rather than moving together. The angle
the eyeballs turn towards each other is smaller
when the object in focus is farther away.
7
Monocular Cues
Monocular cues judge the distance of an object
using only one eye.
These cues are often used in making 2-D images
appear to be 3-D, in this case they are
called pictorial depth cues.
8
Monocular Cues Linear Perspective
As parallel lines extend into the distance, they
appear to meet together.
9
Monocular Cues Relative Size
When viewing two congruent objects, the farther
away object will appear smaller even though the
objects are still the same size.
10
Monocular Cues  Height in the Picture Plane
Objects that are farther away appear higher up in
an image, closer to the horizon line.
11
Monocular Cues  Lights and Shadows
2-Dimensional images can appear 3-D when shaded
with the appropriate patterns of light and shadow
found in "real objects."
12
Monocular Cues Overlap
When multiple objects are in the same visual
field, the closest object appears in front of
those farther away.
13
Monocular CuesTexture Gradient
The texture in an image appear less detailed as
objects become more distant.
14
Monocular Cues Aerial Perspective
Far away objects often appear less clear in color
and detail due to haze.
A person typically only notices the haze when it
is not present. On a clear day, far away objects
may seem very close.
15
Monocular Cues Relative Motion
Objects closer in the visual field appear to move
by faster than those at a greater distance. The
far away objects may not seem like they are
moving at all.
16
Turnbull  What You See Is What You've Learned
Turnbull studied BaMbuti pygmies and found that
the people of their area do not possess the
monocular cue of relative size because their
environment does not call for them to use it. 
From this natural observation, it can be
concluded that skills of perception are not
inborn, we learn them.
17
Turnbull
Kenge, a BaMbuti pygmy, had never seen a mountain
from a great distance. When Turnbull presented
the mountain to him, he could not decide if it
was a cloud or a hill.
18
Turnbull
Having never seen a buffalo from a distance,
Kenge believed that it had to be an insect
because it was so small.
19
Turnbull
When presented with a row boat full of people on
a lake from a distance, Kenge (at first) refused
to believe that the boat was holding people. It
was simply to small.
20
Slides 1-15Information Coon, D., Mitterer,
J. O. (2011). Psychology, modules for active
learning (with concept modules with note-taking
and practice exams booklet). (12 ed., pp.
184-187). Belmont, CA Wadsworth Pub Co. Slide
1 Image http//www.world-wallpaper.com/user-cont
ent/uploads/wall/o/57/New-York-City-Evening-Wallpa
per.jpg Slide 2 Image 1 http//aussieapples.com.a
u/media/images/galleries/apple-photo-gallery/Apple
s_5.jpg Image 2 http//us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400
/bulldogza/bulldogza1104/bulldogza110400177/934077
8-the-moon-on-sky-at-night.jpg Slide
3 Image http//c.universalscraps.com/files/en/eye
s.tears/eyes_tears_132.jpg  Slide
4 Imagehttp//vintage-visuals.com/images/retinal
_disparity_stereo_283x329.jpg Video http//www.yo
utube.com/watch?v4VGVwOmn6bk Slide 5 Image 1
Created by Lauren Duncan Image 2 http//www.about
projectors.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/3dt
heater_a1.jpg Slide 6 Video http//www.youtube.c
om/watch?vqlgw0QLFgOU by Lauren Duncan Slide
7 Image 1 http//3.bp.blogspot.com/-z2PYOaH MgI/
Tfeki9SSuxI/AAAAAAAADRw/IXyxxazoeNY/s400/DSC_0001_
edited.jpg Image 2  http//www.thirdeyehealth.com
/images/depth-perception-2.jpg  Slide 8 Image 1
Created by Lauren Duncan Image 2 http//cache2.ar
tprintimages.com/p/LRG/26/2680/R9IUD00Z/art-print/
empty-railroad-tracks.jpg Slide 9  Image Photo
by Lauren Duncan Slide 10  Image http//www.real
estatemarketingblog.org/wp-content/uploads/image/h
ome-neighborhood-drawing.JPG
21
Slide 11 Image 1 http//animateart.files.wordpre
ss.com/2010/08/lion-for-blog.jpg Image
2 http//nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/GreatCats/ima
ges/covers/cover_LionPortrait.jpg Slide 12 Image
1 Photo by Lauren Duncan Image
2 http//hgrm.sndimg.com/HGRM/2011/08/18/DP_chara
lambous-contemporary-living-room-2_s4x3_lg.jpg  Sl
ide 13 Image Photo by Danae Phillipus Slide
14 Image 1 http//images.travelpod.com/users/arg
ieuk/3.1318903910.the-mountains-through-the-early-
morning-haze.jpg Image 2 http//www.innergeek.us/
blog/2007/10/pretty-mountain.jpg Slide
15  VIdeo http//www.youtube.com/watch?vCQopEKT
sc-YcontextC35058d9ADOEgsToPDskJ88Zdd2KsPEI-ReyY
uLShK by Lauren Duncan Slides 16-19 Information 
http//apsych-pd.wikispaces.com/file/view/statess
tudies5n7.pdf Slide 16 Image http//static.gu
im.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2009/9/2
9/1254221699771/Deforestation-in-DRC-009.jpg  Slid
e 17 Image 1 http//mw2.google.com/mw-panoramio/
photos/small/38759600.jpg  Image 2 Photo taken
by Lauren Duncan Slide 18  Image  http//www.kan
sastravel.org/08redbuffaloranch8.JPG Slide
19 Image  http//www.cleanfish.com/system/images
/BAhbB1sHOgZmIjIyMDExLzAyLzE1LzEyLzM3LzA4Lzg4MC9Sb
3dfQm9hdF9pbl9XYXRlci5qcGdbCDoGcDoKdGh1bWIiDTQ1MHg
0NTA/Row_Boat_in_Water.jpg