The Periodic Table

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The Periodic Table

• PART I HISTORY AND FAMILIES ON THE PERIODIC TABLE

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HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART I

• The originator of the periodic table was
  Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev
  (1834-1907).

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HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART I

• He originally ordered the periodic table by
  increasing atomic mass, with elements having
  common properties under each other.

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A copy of the first periodic table
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HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART II

• The next person to improve on the periodic table
  was Henry Mosley.

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HISTORY OF THE TABLE, PART II

• He had the idea to order the table based on the
  atomic number, instead of the mass, giving us a
  table much like the one we now have today!

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Periodic Law

• When the elements are arranged in order of atomic
  number, there is a periodic repetition of their
  chemical and physical properties. This is called
  the Periodic Law.

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Breakdown of the Periodic Table

• The periodic table is broken down into rows,
  called periods,

• And columns called groups or families.

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Period
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Group
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Representative Elements

• All of the elements found in the s-orbital and
  p-orbital areas are called the representative
  elements.

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Representative Elements
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Metals and Nonmetals

• Metals are found on the left side of the periodic
  table and nonmetals are on the right.

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Metals and Nonmetals
Metals
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Metals and Nonmetals

• Metals have a high electrical conductivity and a
  high luster when clean. They are ductile and
  malleable.

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Metals and Nonmetals

• Nonmetals are generally non-lustrous and are poor
  conductors of electricity.

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Metalloids

• Metalloids show properties of both metals and
  nonmetalsthey are on both sides of the
  metal/nonmetal line.

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Metalloids
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Alkali Metals

• Group 1A is called the Alkali Metals

• These are the most reactive
  elements on the
  periodic table.

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Alkaline Earth Metals

• Next to the
  alkali metals
  are the
  alkaline earth
  metals

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Other Metals

• Other metals include transition metals, inner
  transition metals (a.k.a. rare earth metals) and
  other metals.

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Other Metals
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Inner Transition Metals

• There are 2 categories inside the inner
  transition metal group
• The Lanthanide Series, which is the top row in
  the inner transition metal, and the Actinide
  Series which is the second row.

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Lanthanide
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Actanide
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Halogens

• Halogens are a group of reactive non-metals.

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Noble Gases

• Noble Gases are the last column of the periodic
  table.

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Noble Gases

• Noble gases are special because they are
  unreactive. This is because they have a
  completely full outside energy level, making them
  more stable than other elements.

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Carbon, Nitrogen,Oxygen Families

• Because of the fact that some are metals and some
  are nonmetals, they dont have as many similar
  properties.

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Carbon, Nitrogen Oxygen Families
O x y g e n Family
N i t r o g e n Family
C a r b o n Family
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You now have all the material that you will need
for Wednesdays Test.The worksheet is due
tomorrow before the quiz.