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Title: Un repaso de


1
Un repaso de
  • ESPAĂ‘OL I

2
La gramática
  • Present tense verbs (AR, ER, IR)
  • Definite Indefinite Articles
  • Personal A
  • Irregular Verbs
  • Ser vs. Estar

3
La gramática (cont)
  • Possessives
  • Agreement
  • Present Progressive
  • Commands ( tĂş)
  • 8 irregulars!
  • DOP
  • IOP

4
Vamos!
  • How do you conjugate regular ar, er, and ir
    verbs?
  • HABLAR COMER ESCRIBIR

5
Definite Articles
  • Definite articles mean the and are SPECIFIC.
    (ie the boy, the girl)
  • What are they in Spanish?

Masc. Singular Fem. Singular
Masc. Plural Fem. Plural
6
Masculino o femenino?
Me gusta el coche verde.
  • For masculine objects, use el or los if the
    object is plural.
  • For feminine objects, use la or las if the
    object is plural.

Las rosas blancas son bonitas.
7
Indefinite Articles
  • Indefinite articles mean a, an, or some and
    are NON-SPECIFIC. (ie a horse, some sports)
  • What are they in Spanish?

Masc. Singular Fem. Singular
Masc. Plural Fem. Plural
8
AquĂ­ hay una playa.
  • For masculine objects, use un or unos if the
    object is plural.
  • For feminine objects, use una or unas if the
    object is plural.

Hay unos dĂłlares en el banco.
9
Personal A
  • The personal a is used to separate a verb from
    a subject when the subject is
  • A person
  • An important animal

10
Irregular Verbs
  • The ONLY verb that does NOT take the personal
    a is TENER.
  • Yo tengo a dos hermanas simpáticas.

tengo tenemos
tienes tenéis
tiene tienen
Tener
11
Conjugate the following verbs
Salir (to leave)
Venir (to come)
Ir (to go)
Decir (to say, tell)
Ser (to be)
Hacer (to do, make)
Estar (to be)
Poner (to put, place, set)
12
Ser vs. Estar
To be or not to be? That is the question!
  • What are the differences between ser and estar?
  • When do you use each?

13
Reasons to use
ESTAR
SER
  1. _____________ 1. __________________
  2. _____________ 2. __________________
  3. _____________ 3. __________________

14
Possessives
What is a possessive adjective? __________________
______________________________________________.
Mi (s) Nuestro (s) Nuestra (s)
Tu (s)
Su (s) Su (s)
Son mis dulces! Los quiero!
15
Agreement
Nouns and adjectives must agree in ________ and
in _________.
chicAS bonitAS el lápiz azul los zapatOS
chéverES
16
Present Progressive
Está tocando la guitarra.
1. CONJUGATE ESTAR TO AGREE WITH YOUR SUBJECT.
3. ADD THE PROGRESSIVE ENDING! AR?ANDO ER/IR ? IENDO
2. TAKE THE 2ND VERB AND CUT OFF THE AR, ER, OR IR.
17
Lets try it!
  • I am walking ? (Yo) estoy caminando.
  • We are playing football. ? (Nosotros) estamos
    jugando al futbol americano.
  • La Srta. Albright is talking. ?
    __________________________.

18
Affirmative tĂş Commands
Dime la verdad!
Escribe, por favor.
Patina conmigo!
Escucha la mĂşsica!
19
How to Form a Command
  • Take the Ă©l, ella, Vd. form of the
    verb. Mandato
  • Comer? Timoteo come helado. Come!
  • Esquiar? A Ă©l le gusta esquĂ­ar. EsquĂ­a!
  • Escribir? Ella escribe en alemĂ©n. Escribe!

20
8 Irregulars
  • There are 8 irregular tĂş commands that you
    MUST memorize!

Decir Di
Salir Sal
Ir Ve
Ser SĂ©
Hacer Haz
Tener Ten
Venir Ven
Poner Pon
Me gusta el ritmo!
21
Direct Object Pronouns
Do you remember the DOPs? Here they are!!
  • DOPs answer 2 questions
  • 1. Who?
  • 2. What?
  • In a sentence, always UNDERLINE the DOP!

Me Nos
Te
Lo, La Los, Las
22
Where to Put Pronouns
1. BEFORE THE CONJUGATED VERB 2. ATTACHED TO THE
INFINITIVE 3. ATTACHED TO PROGRESSIVE
23
3 Steps to Find the DOP
  • Step 1 Underline the subject.
  • Step 2 Replace subject with the appropriate DOP.
  • Step 3 Rewrite the sentence.

24
Lets Practice!
Luisa tiene un muñeco de peluche. (Pregunta Qué
tiene Luisa?) (Contesta Un muneco de
peluche.) ?Luisa lo tiene.
La doctora está ayudando al niño. (P La doctora
ayuda a quién?) (C Al niño.) ?La doctora lo está
ayudando. ?La doctora está ayudándolo.
25
Indirect Object Pronouns
Do you remember the IOPs? Here they are!!
  • IOPs answer 2 questions
  • 1. To whom?
  • 2. For whom?
  • In a sentence, always CIRCLE the IOP!

Me Nos
Te
Le Les
26
3 Steps to Find the IOP
  • Step 1 Circle the subject.
  • Step 2 Replace subject with the appropriate IOP.
  • Step 3 Rewrite the sentence.

27
Lets Practice!
Mi novio llama a mĂ­ todos los dĂ­as. (Pregunta
Mi novio llama a quién?) (Contesta ) ?Mi novio
me llama.
A mĂ­.
Yo estoy escribiendo a mis abuelos en
California. (P Yo escribo a quién en
California?) (C ) ?Les estoy
escribiendo. ?Estoy escribiéndoles.
A ellos
28
IOP DOP
When using a DOP and an IOP, which ALWAYS goes
first?
Im not sure. What do you guys think???
29
THE IOP!!!!
Una regla importante You learned in Spanish I
that you CAN NOT have lela, lesla, etc. because
of the double l sound. You would need to
replace the le with ___.
30
Lets try it!!
  • 1. Mi amiga compra el regalo para mĂ­.
  • Step 1 Underline the DOP.
  • Step 2 Circle the IOP.
  • Step 3 Rewrite the sentence putting the IOP
    first!
  • Mi amiga lo compra.
  • What does this mean in English?

me
31
  • 2. Mis padres dan el dinero a nosotros.
  • ?
  • 3. Ricardo contesta la pregunta para mĂ­.
  • ?
  • 4. MarĂ­a hace la cama para su hermana.
  • ?

Dont forget the 3 steps!
32
El fin!
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