Nutrition and Energy Flow

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Nutrition and Energy Flow

• What eats what?

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How organisms get energy

• Autotrophs make their own nutrients
• Plants use the suns energy to produce nutrients
• Heterotrophs feed on other organisms
• Herbivores eat plants
• Carnivores eat other animals
• Scavangers eat dead animals
• Decomposers break down dead and decaying plants
  and animals

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Energy flow in ecosystems

• Food chain simple model used to show how energy
  flows through an ecosystem
• algae fish heron

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Energy flow in ecosystems

• Trophic level step in the food chain
• Each higher trophic level has fewer individuals
  and less energy available

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Energy flow in the ecosystem

• Food chain is very simple, only one path
• Food web a model that shows all the possible
  feeding relationships at each trophic level in a
  community

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Cycles in Nature

• Like energy, matter moves through trophic levels
• Matter gets recycled
• The water cycle
• The carbon cycle
• The nitrogen cycle
• The phosphorus cycle

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The Water Cycle

• Evaporation, condensation, precipitation

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The Carbon Cycle

• Photosyntheis converts CO2 to energy rich carbon
  molecules used by organisms to grow

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The Nitrogen Cycle

• Bacteria convert nitrogen in the air into the
  soil where plants can use it to make proteins

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The Phosphorus Cycle

• Plants get phosphorus from the soil, plants and
  animals need it to grow