Flow of Energy and Matter

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Flow of Energy and Matter
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Matter

• What is matter?
• What stuff is made of
• What is living things made of?
• Elements
• Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen
  (N)
• CHON
• 99 of living things are made of CHON

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Matter

• Matter is made by putting CHON into molecules
  like CARBOHYDRATES, PROTEINS FATS and other
  organic molecules.
• Matter is neither created nor destroyed
• It is merely recycled and reused again again
• The earth has basically the same amount of matter
  now as it always had
• Decomposers recycle the material back into
  C,H,O,N

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Energy

• It takes ENERGY to make chemical bonds that put
  CHON together
• ENERGY is released when those bonds are broken
  (through digestion)
• Energy is transferred from organism to organism
• When energy is transferred most of it is given
  off as heat (90)
• ONLY 10 is passed on.

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Energy (continued)

• If only a little bit of the energy is passed on,
  then energy decreases and runs out
• So, ENERGY must always be added
• From where?
• The SUN
• Producers (plants) start with all of the energy
• 1st Order Consumers (herbivores or ominvores)
• Herbivores eat only producers
• 2nd Order Consumers (omnivores or carnivores)
• Ominvores eat other animals AND producers
• 3rd Order Consumers (Carnivores or omnivores)
• Carnivores eat other animals only

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• Detritivores eat the remains of plants and
  animals, but can be part of the food chain again
• Decomposers end the line of energy, they use it
  all up

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Energy Biomass Pyramid
Decomposers
Herbivores Omnivores
Carnivores Omnivores
Plants
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Energy Matter Cycle
(What ever is left)
Heat
Chemicals
Sun
Basic elements of life Sulfur, Phosphorus,
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Hydrogen
(90)
Heat
Producers
Decomposers
Bacteria, Moss, Mushrooms, etc.
Consumers
(90)
Heat
(90)
Heat