Nutritional Strategies to Reduce Feed Costs

1
Nutritional Strategies to Reduce Feed Costs
Rommel C. Sulabo and Hans H. Stein Univ. of
Illinois http//nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu
2
Importance of F/G

• For each 0.10 lb improvement in F/G, profit
  increases by 3.0 per marketed pig
• A 10 improvement in F/G corresponds to an
  improvement of 0.30 lb (9.0/pig)

3
Tip 1 Start with what you can control

• Reduce feed wastage
• Check all feeders, delivery systems, feed bins
• Adjust feeders routinely
• Improve pellet quality

4
(No Transcript)
5
Poor feeder adjustment
6
Effect of pelleting
Item Diet form Meal Pellet Diff.
Daily gain, lb 1.83 1.98 8.2
Daily feed intake, lb 6.64 6.84 3.1
FCR 3.65 3.45 5.8
Wondra et al., 1992
Target lt 20 fines at the feeder
7
Tip 2 Check the particle size of your feed
8
Effect of Particle Size
Particle Size Digestibility Microns DM
CP Energy F/G

• lt 700 86.1 82.9 85.8 1.74
• 700-1000 84.9 80.5 84.4 1.84
• gt 1000 83.7 79.1 82.6 1.92

KSU, 1985
Target 600-800 microns
9
Tip 3 Maximize the use of DDGS in your diets
10
DDGS Value, GF diets
Corn (/Bu) SBM (/ton) 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
250 162 (152) 182 (180) 203 (207) 223 (234) 239 (260)
300 182 (161) 204 (189) 224 (216) 245 (244) 260 (270)
350 205 (171) 225 (199) 245 (226) 266 (253) 281 (279)
400 217 (178) 240 (206) 263 (234) 283 (261) 303 (289)
11
Diet costs with 0 to 50 DDGS
/Ton
? 7 to 9 per ton for every 10 of DDGS included
in the diet
12
Inclusion Rates of DDGS
Item Recommend Maximum
Gestation 50 50
Lactation 30 40
Nursery, 12 0 20
Nursery, 34 30 30
Grow-Finish 30 45
Late Finish 20 30
13
Tip 4 Reduce or eliminate inorganic phosphorus
14
Effect of Phytase
STTD,

P lt 0.05

Almeida and Stein, 2010
15
Phytase diets
Diet 1 2 3 4
Phytase 0 500 0 500
Corn 61.76 62.075 47.89 48.145
SBM 32.00 32.00 26.00 26.00
DDGS - - 20.00 20.00
DCP 1.15 0.35 0.65 -
Others To 100 To 100 To 100 To 100
Total P 0.59 0.44 0.58 0.48
STTD P 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32
Almeida and Stein, 2010
16
Effects on Performance
Diet 1 2 3 4 P lt DDGS P lt phytase
Phytase 0 500 0 500 - -
Initial BW, kg 11.1 11.2 11.1 11.2 0.23 0.13
ADG, g 507 483 511 515 0.07 0.30
ADFI, g 772 789 811 806 0.06 0.66
GF 661 614 634 640 0.95 0.05
Final BW, kg 21.8 21.3 21.9 22.0 0.08 0.33
P retention 2.05 2.07 2.35 2.33 0.03 0.99
P excretion 1.68 0.82 1.43 0.82 0.01 0.01
Almeida and Stein, 2010
17
Tip 5 Look for alternative feed ingredients

• Consider other small grains
• Wheat
• Sorghum
• Barley
• Oats

107 or lower 96 or lower 85 or lower 80 or
lower
18
Tip 5 Look for alternative feed ingredients

• Consider other co-products
• Wheat middlings
• Hominy feed
• Bakery by-products

19
Tip 5 Look for alternative feed ingredients

• Fish meal replacements
• Fermented soybean meal
• Enzyme-treated SBM
• Intestinal peptide products
• Crystalline amino acids

20
Tip 7 Review your feed additives

• Calculate economic return
• (New Diet - Old Diet ) x 100 improvement
• Old Diet in
  F/G needed
• to pay for itself
• Consider other benefits
• gain
• carcass quality
• death loss

21
Checklist

• Start with what you can control
• Check the particle size of your feed
• Maximize the use of DDGS in your diets
• Reduce or eliminate inorganic phosphorus
• Look for alternative ingredients
• Use fish meal replacements
• Review your feed additives

22
Thank you for your attention
http//nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu